Diseases of apple trees and their treatment. Apple diseases: photo

There are no plants and trees that would never get sick. The apple tree is no exception. This fruit tree needs care. It consists in grafting, pruning damaged branches and, of course, preventing many diseases and pests. In order for your apple orchard to be healthy, you need to know about the ailments of the plant and how to treat them.

Apple diseases: black cancer

Apple tree cancer manifests itself visually. The cause of its occurrence can be both a climatic factor and improper and insufficient tree care. There are several forms of the disease.

So ordinary cancer proceeds in apple trees and other fruit trees in the same way. Thickenings appear on the trunks and crown. Possible damage to the bark and decay. In apple trees, the form of this cancer usually appears as open or closed lesions. In the 1st case, depressions form on the trunk, in the 2nd - outgrowths. All these wounds do not heal and do not disappear. A reddish border and additional growths form around them.

The cause of the disease is low temperatures. They contribute to easier penetration of fungal spores into the crowns, since cracks form on the trunks due to frost. When the first symptoms appear, damage is smeared with garden pitch or Bordeaux liquid. Next, cut off all damaged branches and burn them away from garden trees. Do not confuse this disease with the consequences of sunburn.

Visually, this disease resembles the consequences of a fire. The trunk looks charred. The black bark of the apple tree is overgrown with growths in which the spores of the fungus are located. Cancer affects not only the bark, but also leaves with fruits. The fact is that it usually develops during the harvest period or after it, when apples are stored in cellars.

On the leaves, black cancer of the apple tree manifests itself as follows: light spots form. Then dark dots appear in their center. The leaves dry up and fall off. Fruits can also shrink and fall off. To prevent the disease, it is necessary to disinfect the wounds in a timely manner. It is also believed that vigorous and frost-resistant apple trees are more resistant to the disease.

Apple diseases: photo

The most common diseases of apple trees include powdery mildew, scab, fruit rot, and table rot. Each of them has its own special symptoms and course.

Cytosporosis affects trees of different ages. At the same time, apple trees that have been ill and weakened are most susceptible to this disease. First of all, you should pay attention to the bark. Visible spots appear on it, while they do not darken, but remain brownish in color. If you try to remove such a section of the bark, then it will lag behind the trunk in pieces, as if peeling off.

The bark gradually dries out, the whole tree can dry out completely. This is due to the fact that the disease penetrates into the tree. There are several ways to fight the disease. Among them is the use of fungicides. Sick branches must be cut and destroyed. It is also necessary to prevent cytosporosis. To do this, you need to increase the immunity of apple trees.

Due to powdery mildew, a white or gray coating appears on the leaves and ovaries. Gradually it changes color to brownish. The tree at this time begins to literally deplete. This manifests itself in the drying and falling of leaves and shoots. Also, the apple tree stops bearing fruit. With these symptoms, it is necessary to choose the right treatment.

For this, various drugs are used. Dissolve 2 ml in 1 bucket of water. Topaz or Skora. Then the diseased apple tree is sprayed with the resulting liquid. After harvesting, the trees can be treated with Bordeaux mixture.

Fruit rot is not a disease, but rather a consequence of the disease. It proceeds as follows: the fruits begin to rot. At the same time, the crown, leaves, branches seem absolutely normal. All fruits must be removed and destroyed away from trees. Apples can be burned.

Apple disease control is timely care and treatment. In early spring, cut off all diseased branches with a solution of copper sulfate and cover the cuts with garden pitch. The whole tree is sprayed with Bordeaux liquid. After flowering, apple trees are treated with stimulating solutions that affect the formation of fruits. Then sprayed with pesticides.

Diseases and pests of the apple tree: how to treat?

Another disease of apple trees is scab. It spreads through spores. In autumn, infected leaves fall off, and already in spring, dark tubercles with spores can be seen on them. Next, infection of young leaves occurs. The situation worsens with high humidity and heat. Due to these factors, spores in the leaves germinate and form a mycelium.

As follows from the description of the disease, the symptoms appear first on the leaves. They have light yellowish spots. Sometimes they have an oily sheen. It all ends with the leaves drying up. The disease passes to buds, ovaries and formed fruits.

Scab can be dealt with in different ways. One way is autumn spraying with urea. While the buds are blooming, apple trees can be treated with Bordeaux liquid. As a preventive measure, all fallen leaves should be burned in the fall.

Powdery mildew is a fungal disease. A velvety whitish coating appears on the leaves and ovaries. Next, the deformation of the leaves begins. They are rolled into a tube, bending the edges up so that you can see the underside of the sheet. White plaque also passes to the ovary. The development of the disease is favored by damp, warm weather. The result of the disease is considered to be a decrease in the winter hardiness of apple trees and a huge decrease in yield.

Prevention is the destruction of diseased areas, timely watering, and the prevention of overdrying of the soil. By the way, a number of drugs can be used for a whole range of diseases. Vectra, Skor, Bordeaux liquid, Kuproksat, Cumulus are used against scab. Copper sulfate is used for a combination of various diseases and for the disinfection of wounds. Stora, Tiokvit and colloidal sulfur are used against moony dew.

When the first symptoms of the disease occur in apple trees, it is necessary to understand what was the causative agent. According to the symptoms, the drugs and the method of treatment are selected. In order for the apple tree to be healthy, a number of preventive measures must be observed. It is necessary to destroy diseased branches and leaves after harvesting, to disinfect wounds. Also, knowledge of the symptoms of certain diseases will help to understand in a timely manner why the leaves of the apple tree turn yellow, why spots appear on the bark and fruits.