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Research work on the topic: Fairy tales in which the characters move in different ways

Introduction…………………………………………………………………………...3

Chapter 1

1.1. What is a “fairy tale”………………………………………………………………4

1.2. The movement of heroes through the air…………………………….……………5

1.3. The movement of heroes on the roads………………………………………..... 7

1.4. The movement of heroes on the water…………………………………………………8

Chapter 2 Practical work on fairy tales……………………………….………..9

Fairy tale quiz……………..………………………………….........9

Travel Tips……..………………………………………..10.

Conclusion………………………………………………………………………….11

List of used literature…………………………………………...12

Application……………………………………………………………………..13

Introduction

I really love to read. And these are a variety of works: myths, fairy tales, author's stories, novels. Our attention was drawn to the fact that in many works the characters move along the roads, by air and by water. I wanted to find out why the authors send their heroes on different aircraft and they never have an accident.

The relevance of this topic lies in the fact that we often hear about traffic accidents in which people get into and in which, unfortunately, they die. We are warned by adults, we study the rules of the road, there are warning signs on the roads, inspectors are watching the traffic, and accidents are not getting smaller. Why? Maybe the answer to this question can be found in fairy tales, where the characters actively moved, and there were no accidents there.

Therefore, I defined the purpose of the research work as follows: to find out why the heroes need different means of transportation.

During the work, the following tasks were set:

2. Carefully study some points of the traffic rules.

3. Find common points in fairy tales and traffic rules.

4. Activate cognitive activity when studying the rules of the road and reading fairy tales.

5.Perform a creative task: make a quiz.

Object of study are fairy tales.

Subject of research are the vehicles of heroes in fairy tales.

The presented work consists of an introduction, two chapters and a conclusion. At the end of the work, a list of used literature is given.

Chapter 1. Tales in which the characters move in different ways.

1.1. What's happened« fairy tale».

Fairy tales are an amazing genre. The Russian philosopher Ilyin said that "a fairy tale is a dream that a nation has had." Indeed, in dreams sometimes people see plots that look like fragments of fairy tales or some ancient rituals. Folklore researchers believe that the stories of fairy tales familiar to us from childhood are really related to the most ancient rites and rituals. And the nature of these ancient rituals is connected with the deep mechanisms of the formation of symbolic behavior and figurative thinking. Fairy tales, like dreams, in a sense speak directly to the mechanisms of the unconscious. This is their great strength. And at the same time, these are expressive, artistic texts that deliver aesthetic pleasure when reading. The plots of fairy tales are strange from the point of view of rational consciousness. Their action takes place in a special space - “in a certain kingdom, in a certain state ...” and their laws are impossible in the familiar world - animals talk in them, Baba Yaga tries to eat a boy, a hero can be boiled in a cauldron - and after that he remains is alive... And it is told as a true story, not as a comparison or a metaphor... That is, there is a world that functions according to such rules

A fairy tale for a child is not just fiction, fantasy, it is a special reality, the reality of the world of feelings. The fairy tale pushes the boundaries of ordinary life for the child. Only in fairy tales do children encounter such complex phenomena and feelings as life and death, love and hate, anger and compassion. The form of depicting these phenomena is special, fabulous, accessible.

1.2. The movement of heroes through the air.

Movement is life. Rivers flow, clouds float, winds blow, birds, fish, animals migrate, blood and water flow in the human body. The man himself flies, rides, walks. It is impossible to stop the movement either in nature or in human life. So you need to learn how to move so that it is safe. Can fairy tales teach this? They can!

The place of movement is a fabulous space. Members of the movement: Thumbelina, Kai, Gerda, Masha, Baba Yaga, Ivan Tsarevich, Emelya, Aibolit, a frog. Vehicles: a horse, a flying carpet, bast shoes, a boat, a boat, a water lily petal, a stove, a bear with a box, a wolf, a bull-black barrel.

Heroes of fairy tales move through the air. Ivan Tsarevich flies on a magic carpet. Baba Yaga flies in a mortar: “Baba Yaga flies in a mortar, drives with a pestle, sweeps a trail with a broom.” (The fairy tale "Vasilisa the Beautiful"). Thumbelina "sat on the bird's back, and the swallow shot up into the air like an arrow and carried Thumbelina to a fairy-tale land." (G.H. Andersen "Thumbelina"). The traveler frog also flies to warm lands, clinging to the twig held in the beaks of the duck with its mouth: “We found a good strong twig, two ducks took it in their beaks, the frog clung to the middle with its mouth, and the whole herd rose into the air.” (Garshin "The Traveler Frog").

We also meet people's dream of flying in folk tales. This, of course, is the fairy tale "Flying Ship". The king promised to marry his daughter to someone who would build a flying ship for him. And then the plot is well-known: the older brothers tried, but they did not succeed. But the younger one, a fool, with the help of a wonderful grandfather, was able to build a flying ship with sails. Here is how it is written about this in a fairy tale: “The fool took an ax with him and went into the forest. I walked and walked through the forest and spotted a tall pine tree: this pine tree rests on the top of the clouds, it is just right for three to grasp it. ... He cut down a pine tree, began to clear it of branches. An old man approached him ... and showed him how to cut a pine tree.

Well, now let's adjust the sails!

And he took out a piece of canvas from his bosom.

The old man shows, the fool tries, he does everything conscientiously - and the sails are ready, adjusted.

Now get into your ship, - says the old man, - and fly where you need to. …

Here they said goodbye. The old man went his own way, and the fool got on the flying ship, spreading the sails. The sails were inflated, the ship soared into the sky, flew faster than a falcon. With the help of this flying ship, the hero was able to fulfill his dreams and become happy.

In some fairy tales, the characters move on a magic carpet. In flight, they open forests, fields, mountains, rivers, that is, boundless expanses. The flying carpet helps the heroes not only to quickly move through the air from one place to another, but also to deceive the enemies that are chasing them. I think that a person, creating with his imagination all the listed means of transportation by air, was somewhat envious of birds. And not only because birds can quickly overcome the distance, but also because they are free, free creatures.

1.3. The movement of heroes on the roads.

In the fairy-tale space, the heroes can move on the ground, walk or ride on some animals. Nyurochka-girl sat on a bull: “A bull-black barrel, white hooves shook his head, waved his tail and ran.” (The fairy tale "Goby-black barrel, white hooves").

“For a long time, Ivan Tsarevich made his way through the dense forests, in the swamps of the marsh elm, and finally came to the Koshcheev oak.” ("Princess Frog"). “The ball rolls along high mountains, along green meadows, rolls through marshy swamps, rolls through dense forests” (“The Frog Princess”). “And the fox rides on a wolf and slowly says: “The beaten unbeaten one is lucky” (“Fox-sister and the gray wolf”). “The gray wolf with Ivan Tsarevich rushed more than a horse to take the firebird” (“Ivan Tsarevich and the Gray Wolf”). The sleigh rushes by itself, where Emelya sits, raising his baton up. Emelya can also ride on the stove. “The furnace crackled and suddenly flew out into the wild. And faster than any bird rushed to the king. ("The Tale of Emelya the Fool"). “Mashenka climbed into the box, the bear put it on his back and went to the village.” (The fairy tale "Masha and the Bear"). “I wove bast shoes for myself, they are not simple, they are wonderful. I put on them - my legs will run on their own, ”the old man says to Ivan in the fairy tale“ Wonderful paws ”. To save Kai, Gerda rides in a golden carriage: “A carriage of pure gold drove up to the gate. The prince and princess put Gerda into the carriage and wished her a happy journey. And then the girl rides a deer: “I put the Finn Gerda on the back of a deer, and he rushed to run as fast as he could.” “The snowflakes kept growing and finally turned into big white chickens. Suddenly they scattered to the sides, the big sleigh stopped, the Snow Queen and Kai sat in them. The sleigh carried them to the ice palace.” (G.H. Andersen "The Snow Queen").

1.4. The movement of heroes on the water.

Fairy tale characters swim in the seas, rivers, oceans. Gerda floats down the river in a boat in search of Kai. Thumbelina "rides on a rose petal in a bowl of water." Saving Thumbelina from a toad, the fish bit the stalk of the water lily and the leaf quickly swam downstream. "Thumbelina swam farther and farther."

"The wind blows across the sea,

And the boat is pushing

He runs in waves

On raised sails.

(A.S. Pushkin "The Tale of Tsar Soltan ...")

And Dr. Aibolit, hurrying to Africa, either flies, or swims, or rides:

“Shaggy wolves run out:

Sit down, Aibolit, on horseback,

We will take you alive!”

“But then a whale swims up:

Get on me, Aibolit!

And like a big ship

I'll take you forward!"

And now from a high cliff

Eagles flew to Aibolit:

Sit down, Aibolit, on horseback,

We will take you alive!”

(K.I. Chukovsky "Aibolit")

Chapter 2. Practical work on fairy tales.

2.1. Fairy tale quiz.

Fairy tale quiz was held among primary school students.

Quiz

1. How did Baba Yaga cover her trail while flying in a mortar? (broomstick)

2. How did the heroes of K.I. Chukovsky's fairy tale "Cockroach" move? (insert the correct words)

“The bears rode (on a bicycle),

Bunnies - (in the tram),

Toad - (on a broom),

And mosquitoes - (on a balloon).

3. Types of transport that Gerda used to save Kai? (boat, golden carriage, deer)

4. What round object indicates the way for the hero in fairy tales? (clew)

5. With what words did the hero of the fairy tale "Sivka-burka" call the horse?

6. How did Dr. Aibolit get to Africa? (on a wolf, on a whale, on an eagle)

7. What are the vehicles that are mentioned in Russian folk tales? (horse, flying carpet, walking boots, etc.)

8. Did the frog traveler get to warm countries? Why?

9. Rolling, which car is rolling? (blue)

10. How did Prince Gvidon get to Buyan Island? (in barrel)

After the quiz, an analysis of the work was carried out. We see how much fairy tale characters moved and they never had accidents either on land, or on water, or in the air. Why? Firstly, because they all moved to do good deeds: Aibolit to heal, the Gray Wolf to help Tsarevich Ivan, the bull and the bear save the girls, Gerda was looking for Kai, etc. Secondly, all the heroes treated other participants in the movement with respect, patience, and understanding, they understood that it was impossible to violate anyone's rights. Therefore, there were no accidents in fairy tales, and you can learn from the heroes of fairy tales.

2.1. Wise proverbs for travelers.

Wise advice to travelers is given by proverbs:

(Don't speed)

2. A zealous horse does not live long.

(Don't overload the motor)

3. There will be a quiet cart on the mountain.

(Move carefully)

4. Do not ask the ford, do not poke your head into the water.

(learn the way)

5. You go for a day, take bread for a week.

(Take supplies for the road)

(Rest on the road)

7. It is hard to swim against the water.

(Choose the right path)

8. You can't go far on a lame horse.

(Vehicle keep in order)

Conclusion

In my work, I examined several works: myths, fairy tales, fiction, and I can conclude that the goals of their known and unknown authors are very different. Various means of transportation described in the books help the heroes either escape from years of captivity, or quickly move from one point of the globe to another, or have an interesting time traveling. Also, after reading fairy tales, proverbs, we were convinced that they can teach the rules of behavior on the roads. And in order not to get into an accident and not be injured in them, you need to strive to do only good deeds, be polite, respect all road users, listen to your elders.

List of used literature.

1. Andersen G.Kh. "Thumbelina". Izhevsk, "Wanderer" 1994

2. Andersen G.Kh. "The Snow Queen". M., "Children's Literature", 1985.

3. Garshin "The Traveler Frog". Native speech. M., "Enlightenment", 1995.

4. Repin Ya.S. "Road alphabet". M., Order of the Badge of Honor, DOSAAF USSR publishing house, 1980.

5. Russian folk tales. Novosibirsk book publishing house, 1989

6. Russian folk riddles, proverbs, sayings. M., "Enlightenment", 1990.

7. Fairy tales, proverbs, riddles. M., "Children's Literature" 1989.

8. Reader on children's literature. M., "Children's Literature", 1965.

9. Reader for preschoolers (1,2,3 tons). M., AST 1997

10. Chukovsky K.I. "Aibolit". M., "Children's Literature", 1997.

Natalya Skochedubova

Target:

1. Help children understand that the book is a source of knowledge;

2. To teach to understand the content of what is read, to use the knowledge gained;

3. Maintain interest in independent reading, a book, cultivate a caring attitude towards it.

Questions quiz

1. What vehicle helped the Snow Queen steal Kai; (sled)

2. What did Ellie fly to Fairyland; (in own house)

3. What made the house rise up and fly into Fairyland; (Hurricane)

4. With what fabulous remedy Ellie returned home; (silver shoes)

5. What vehicle helped build Ivan Vodyana; (flying ship)

6. What fairy tale hero, having violated the rules of behavior on the road, he received a severe injury, and he had to sew on his legs; (K. Chukovsky "Aibolit" Bunny - "... he ran along the path, and his legs were cut")

7. What vehicle cut Bunny's legs Chukovsky's fairy tale"Aibolit"; (tram)

8. What fabulous the hero does not need flights transport; (Carlson)

9. Fairy plane without doors and walls; (carpet plane)

10. On what the vehicle drove Emelya to the king; (stove)

11. What vehicle turned into a pumpkin when a passenger did not return home on time; (coach, fairy tale"Cinderella")

12. First fabulous woman pilot; (Baba - Yaga)

13. For which road the vehicle does not need any gasoline, no electricity, no rails, don't even need rights (bike)

14. Fairy aircraft for one; (broom, mortar)

15. What baby vehicle moves without fuel and without wheels; (snow scooter)

16. What fairy-tale hero - a vehicle punished for frequent delays because of the love of nature, the singing of birds; (Locomotive from Romashkovo)

17. On what fabulous transport Did evil envious people send the queen and her son into exile? (barrel, « The Tale of Tsar Saltan» )

Thanks for attention!

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A small child of some acquaintances, being left at a party and extremely dissatisfied with this, said:
- At the behest of the pike, at my will, put on a T-shirt and underpants and I will find myself at home.
The words of this young man are the expression of the dreams of perhaps all people - freedom of movement. I thought you were in Moscow, and you thought again in London.
Thoughts about free movement are thousands of years old, during this time humanity has fantasized many mythical mechanisms capable of moving them in space. The following is a list of the 10 most common mythic mounts.

1

A bunch of bast, brushwood or a bunch of twigs, mounted on a stick, a tool designed to sweep the oven hearth before planting bread. One of the attributes of Baba Yaga, with which she covers her tracks.
Usually, the “grandmother” moves not on a broom, but in a mortar, but there are examples of independent flights of witches on a broom and a broom.
It is mentioned in many Russian folk tales.

2

A mythical carpet with which you can move in space over very long distances. The principle of operation is not known.
Mentioned in many oriental tales, the mention in the Tales of a Thousand and One Nights brought popularity.
The Old Man Hottabych figured in the Soviet film, I personally admired his steepness.

3

Magical shoes from European WCH Slavic fairy tales giving +100 movement speed. Also known as seven-league boots, they give 7 miles minus 1 step for each step taken.
Usually they are kept under lock and key in a chest, perhaps so that they do not run away themselves.

4

Lazy man's dream, self-propelled unit with voice control and heated seats. Specifications: all-terrain, fuel - firewood, coal, etc. passenger capacity is limited only by overall dimensions.
Mentioned in the Russian folk tale By the command of the pike.

The people came up with the Flying Ship, composed an instructive story about it, in the fairy tale of the same name “The Flying Ship”. It has its drawbacks and its advantages over other magical things. There is only one drawback - this is low power, but there are also advantages - you need to say the magic words to fly anywhere on it, and this gives protection from theft. The flying ship has a large capacity and the ability to carry various cargoes and more heroes.

6

Sandals with wings attached to them. Used by Hermes during the battle with the Medusa Gorgon. They were allowed to take to the air.
At the same time, nothing is known about the principle of operation, and it is completely incomprehensible how the inner wings did not touch each other.

7

The Persian writer Kay-Kavusa came up with such a miracle as a flying throne. The throne was an ordinary throne, to which four poles were attached at the corners. The roof was fixed on poles on top, and pieces of meat hung under the roof.
From below, eagles were tied to the throne, which reached for the meat and, flying up, raised the throne.
In such a simple way, the author traveled to China.

8

The Chinese literary character, Monkey King Sun Wukong, known from the novel Journey to the West, was able to fly on a cloud.
Sun Wukong went on a journey in search of a teacher who would teach him immortality. The Taoist who took him as a student taught him flying on a cloud, 72 transformations and other magical actions. Sun Wukong Cloud (Auspicious Cloud)

9 The winged disc, Nar, the pillar of fire on which Horus rode

an ancient mythological symbol widely used among the peoples of the Ancient East. The great-grandson of the god of the underworld, Horus, fought on the winged disc of his grandfather Ra (Marduk).
The winged disk of Ra, or the so-called Nar, the pillar of fire, was depicted as an elongated cylindrical object with fins or short wings.

10

Fantastic aircraft shown in the movie "Kin-dza-dza!". In some countries of the former USSR, the word "pepelats" has become a household word for an ironic designation of uncomfortable or old vehicles, since the pepelats in the film are cramped inside, dimly lit and noisy. Many people use this word when referring to their car. Also, sometimes the word "pepelats" refers to aircraft - helicopters, small aircraft.