A chess piece that moves diagonally. Chessmen

Good day, dear friend!

In childhood, the author of these lines was first taught to play checkers. When the fateful acquaintance with chess took place, your obedient servant was a little confused. Unlike checkers, in this game the pieces move differently. The question immediately arose: how do chess pieces move?

I will say right away that the phrase "in pictures" in the title means exactly chess diagrams .

Comparison of figures with horses, elephants, knights, loopholes, etc. I think it's a bit artificial. And it only takes the child away from the world of chess to somewhere else.

At least, personally, even in my childhood, such analogies did not arise.

And according to this, what is called - "to the barrier." Let's figure out how the pieces move on the board, and not anywhere else. About everything in order.

Queen

Let's start with the strongest figure. can walk in all directions: diagonally and in a straight line (up, down and sideways). Moreover, for any distance.

Jumping over other pieces is not allowed (only the knight can do this).

Any opponent's piece that stands in the way can be beaten by the queen. In the diagram - a horse. But the bishop from his own camp - prevents the queen from moving.

Simply put, the way the queen moves combines the capabilities of the rook and the bishop.

King

Now it is the turn of the most unique figure - the king. The main feature is that you cannot beat the king, this is not provided for by the rules.

Similar to queen moves. The difference is that the king can only move one square, while the queen can move any number.

Moves can be made in all possible directions - forward, backward, diagonally and to the side.

With the same "makar" the king beats the opponent's pieces. Or, as inexperienced players sometimes say, “eats” or “chops”.

Rook

Along with the queen, it is considered a "heavy" piece. The direction of movement is straight. Up, down or side to side.

Distance - any, if the trajectory is not obstructed by other figures. The rook cannot jump over them.

That is, in comparison with the queen, the rook cannot move diagonally.

The relative "weight" (value) of the rook is 5 pawns. For comparison, a knight or bishop is equivalent to three pawns. Queen - nine.

That is, as a rule, the rook is stronger than a minor piece (knight or bishop), but slightly weaker than the knight + bishop pair. And two rooks are slightly stronger than a queen.

Horse

Which chess piece moves with the letter G? Correct, of course. And only a horse.

In the diagram, the fields that the knight in the center of the board can “jump” into are painted in green.

Another important ability of the knight is that it can jump over pieces, including the opponent’s pieces:

The white knight has the ability to beat the black bishop, despite the obstacles in the form of pawns. The horse, like an inveterate hurdler, jumps over them.

Elephant

The bishop, like the knight, is considered an easy piece. The direction of movement is exclusively diagonal. For any distance.

Just like other pieces (with the exception of the knight), the bishop can only move on the free space of the board. He can beat someone else's piece that he meets on the way, but his own one simply prevents the bishop from moving:

In the position on the diagram, the bishop has only 2 moves - to the e5 and f6 squares, simultaneously beating the black rook

Pawn

Despite its unpretentiousness in terms of the value (strength) of the figure, it surpasses other figures in the variety of its capabilities.

The main features of the pawn: It moves only forward, attacks diagonally, can transform into other pieces and capture other pawns “on the pass”. About everything in order

Initial move

A pawn in its starting position can move one or two squares forward.

The general rule for advancing a pawn can be formulated as follows:

If a pawn rests on another piece in its path, it cannot continue to move.

If a queen or a rook were in place of the pawn, they could capture the opponent’s piece, but such a “delicacy” is not allowed for the pawn. It will rest against another piece until the path is cleared. Or it will not get the opportunity to capture.

Take

The trajectory of the pawn capture is diagonally one square and exclusively forward. A pawn can't go back, can't take a pawn.

For example: 1. f3: g4 or 1... e5:d4

The pawn on b5 cannot move vertically, but it can capture the knight. 1. b5:а6

This rule has an exception: en passant capture. Sometimes they call it - through a broken field.

Taking through a broken field (on the aisle)

The rule looks like this:

In a situation where a pawn in its original position, that is, on the 2nd or 7th rank, makes a move 2 squares and jumps through a square (cage) under attack by an enemy pawn, it can be beaten by this very pawn.

1.с2-с4 b4:с3 or 1...f7-f5 2. g5:f6

Only a pawn can be taken across a broken field. A pawn is not allowed to capture another piece.

The possibility of taking on the aisle is provided only for 1 turn. In other words, as a counter move to the move of the opponent's pawn.

transformation

Another unique pawn ability is the ability to transform into another piece.

This is the finest hour of any pawn! The crown of a career, so to speak.

Transform rule:

When a pawn reaches the last, eighth rank (black, respectively, the first), it must turn into any piece of the same color, with the exception of the king.

In practice, it looks like this: A pawn is placed on a promotion square, removed from the board, and another piece is placed on this square. Which one, the chess player decides.

As a rule, a pawn is promoted to a queen, of course. So several queens can appear on the board. Two queens of the same color often appear on the board.

It happens that the transformation occurs simultaneously with the capture. It does not interfere:

A pawn captures an opponent's piece and at the same time transforms into another piece of its own. There is a double effect: 1.d7:s8F

In conclusion, let me remind you that the rules for the movement of pieces are only one of the sections of the rules of the chess game. Agree, the goal of the game is not to "walk". And to win.

And therefore I urge you, dear friend, to study other articles on the rules of the game on our blog.

Step by step, and you will plunge into the world of one of the most exciting and useful games invented by mankind. If not herself.

Thank you for your interest in the article.

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Chessmen. From left to right - King - Queen - Bishop - Knight - Rook - Pawn

Chess is played with special pieces. Let's see what it looks like, is called and by what rules each of them goes. In addition, chess pieces have their own value, classification, strengths and weaknesses. Let's start the description with the most important piece - the king, and then continue from the strongest - the queen, to the weakest - the pawn.

The French king Louis XIV said: "The state is me!". The chess king is the state, that is, the personification of the player. This is the most important piece on , since the impossibility of defending one's king leads to defeat, and an irresistible attack on the enemy king leads to victory in the game. Despite such importance in the game, the king is a rather weak piece, he can move in any direction, but only one square per turn. Therefore, protect the king from the very beginning of the game until the end of the game.

The queen is often called the queen and in many chess sets this piece is depicted as a woman. The king and queen are similar in appearance, so do not confuse them, immediately determine which one is which. The queen is the strongest piece on the chessboard, he can move as many squares as he wants in any direction horizontally, vertically and diagonally. The loss of a queen is often an irreplaceable loss for the player, and often he gives up in such situations.

The rook in a classic set of chess pieces looks like a defensive tower of a castle, such a view corresponds to its European name. Also, this figure can be depicted as a war chariot or it can look like an old naval combat unit - a boat. In terms of strength, this piece occupies an honorable second place after the queen. The rook can move to any number of squares vertically and horizontally. At the beginning of the game, each player has 2 rooks.

In the classic set of pieces, the chess bishop does not at all look like an elephant from the animal world. In height, it is second only to the king and queen. The upper part of this figure outwardly represents the personification of the robes of Western priests, which corresponds to the English name for the elephant - bishop, which translates as a bishop. Bishops move diagonally in any direction to any number of squares. At the beginning of the game, you have two bishops, each of which retains the diagonal colors for the entire game, that is, one will only move along diagonals from light squares, and the second only along dark fields, hence they are called light-squared and dark-squared elephants, respectively.

Chessmen. Horse

The only piece on the board, which outwardly everyone immediately determines, even the smallest children who are just starting to play chess. Only the knight can jump over its own and other people's pieces, and the trajectory of moves for this piece is also unusual. The knight moves first two/one squares vertically or horizontally and then one/two squares horizontally or vertically perpendicular to the original direction. The specified description of the move to the horses sounds very tricky, but remembering how the horse walks is simple - it walks with the Russian letter "G". The bishop and knight are approximately equal in strength, and they are inferior to the rook in value, but superior to the pawn.

Chessmen. Pawn

At the beginning of the game you have 8 pieces and the pawn is the weakest piece. The pawn moves only forward one square, eats forward obliquely and also only one square. From the starting location, the pawn has the right to jump immediately 2 squares forward on the first move. With this jump for 2 moves, if the enemy pawn is directly to the side of yours, then the opponent can take your pawn on the next move, putting his pawn not in your place, but 1 cell closer to you - this is called an aisle capture. The weakest piece during the game can become the strongest, so the pawn, having reached the last horizontal, turns into any piece at the discretion of the player, even a queen.

We have described how chess pieces are called, look and move. In the next article, we will touch on the strengths and weaknesses and recommendations on what to do with them in a particular position or stage of the game.

The chessboard is an integral part of the table sport process. Its presence provides the possibility of the game itself, and a beautiful appearance gives aesthetic pleasure to the participants. From time immemorial, the playing field was wooden, but with the development of technology and human imagination, the chessboard has acquired a new look and material.

What should be a chessboard

Before you draw a chessboard, you should know what it looks like externally. The field consists of 64 two-color cells, the color of which changes sequentially. The cells are arranged in 8 rows, each with 8 cells arranged vertically. The horizontal row is indicated by Latin letters from A to H, and the vertical row is indicated from bottom to top by numbers from 1 to 8. As a rule, the first cell H1 is light in color. The figurines begin their arrangement from it. It must be remembered that cells of the same color in no case can be adjacent to each other.

What pieces should be in chess

Like a chessboard, figures should also be drawn with a pencil on a separate sheet of paper. As a rule, they also come in two colors - white and black. The player of each side owns two bishops, two knights, two rooks, one queen, one king and eight pawns. For easier perception of the game, each figure is indicated in the usual way for players:

How to draw a chessboard on paper

1. First you need to acquire such necessary tools as:

• Sheets of paper (to draw the necessary elements).
• Ruler (for drawing accuracy).
• Pencil (felt pen, pen).
• Scissors (chess pieces will need to be cut out).
• Adhesive tape (for gluing two opposite sides of the field and other elements).

2. First you need to attach 2 sheets of paper to each other as carefully as possible with tape to draw a chessboard. Then cut off the excess part to get a regular square, the middle of which is at the junction of two sheets.

3. Before drawing a chessboard, make appropriate marks on the resulting square sheet of paper with a pencil. The square should be divided into 64 identical cells. To do this, it is best to mark 9 points on each side of the sheet and connect the opposite points with lines. All points of one side must be at the same distance from each other. As a result, you should get 64 cells that need to be painted over in accordance with the above rules.

4. Other sheets of paper will be needed to draw the chess pieces. Like the sheets of a chessboard, each sheet must first be marked with dots at both ends at the same level with a pencil, and then connected. The resulting rectangles will serve as the basis for the figures. Each rectangle should be bent in two places to form 3 equal parts. Both ends of the rectangle should be connected. You will get a triangle, on the edges of which figures should be drawn.

What will happen

As a result, in just 30 minutes of simple work, the chessboard and figures will be ready in a beautiful design. For a more durable service, you can laminate the board and figures, which will make them even more durable.

There are 6 different types of pieces in chess: king, queen, rooks, bishops, knights and pawns. Chess is played by two people: one with black pieces, the other with white pieces. Each player has 16 pieces (combat units): one king and one queen, two rooks each, two knights and bishops, and 8 pawns each. Each figure moves differently...

For example: Grandmaster Atalik Suat could not learn how a knight walks for about a year!!!

In our school, you or your child will learn to walk with all figures in 1-2 hours!

Here's what it looks like. Below and to the left of the chessboard are letters and numbers. They are called CHESS NOTATION.

Our trainers will talk about the author's developments for quick and effective learning of notation.

Thanks to the notation, each field has its own name, for example: a3, e5, c4, h6, etc. The notation serves to record each move made. First, the piece that makes the move is written, then the square from which it moves, and at the end - the square that it looked like. For example: Ng1-f3, e2-e4, d2-d4, etc.

Each figure has its own designation.

Russian designations of pieces: king (KR), queen (F), rook (L), bishop (C), knight (K), pawns are not indicated in any way. When they move, only the squares are indicated (this can be seen above: e2-e4, d2-d4, etc.).

English designations of pieces: king (K), queen (Q), rook (R), bishop (B), knight (N).

Also, figures can be indicated by small drawings.

King

Many incompetent chess players call the king the strongest piece. This is not true.

During lectures with our trainers, you will learn that

The king is the most IMPORTANT and MAIN figure, without which it is impossible to play according to the rules. All chess pieces have their value, but not the king. According to the rules, it cannot be beaten - which is why it is impossible to say how much it costs.

The diagram shows the possible moves of the king and its schematic representation.

The king can move to any adjacent square next to him in any direction (horizontally, diagonally or vertically), but only if this square is not attacked by enemy pieces or is not occupied by his own. The king beats in the same way as it moves, that is, it can eat any enemy piece standing nearby (if it is not protected).

In chess, there is a situation where the king can move to more squares. This is called castling.

Castling is a joint move of the king and rook: the king moves two squares towards one of the rooks while simultaneously moving the rook to the square passed by the king. Kingside castling is called short castling (denoted 0-0), queenside castling is called long castling (denoted 0-0-0). Castling is not possible when the king is on a field attacked by the opponent or at the moment when he is already attacked. Also, according to the rules, castling cannot be done if the king crosses the square attacked by the opponent.

The chessboard is divided into two sides: the queen side (lines a, b, c, d) and the king side (lines e, f, g, h). The flanks got their names from the position of the pieces (the queen initially stands on d1, the king on e1).

Queen

The queen is the strongest piece. She moves both as a bishop and as a rook (we will discuss the moves of the bishop and rook later).

The queen can move diagonally, vertically and horizontally to any number of squares. Beats the same.

The diagram shows the possible moves of the queen and its schematic representation.

At the beginning of the game, each of the opponents has one queen. The white queen is initially on the d1 square (before the "a" line - this is the queenside; this was described above), the black queen is on d8.

Our experienced coaches will tell you about the inexpediency of bringing the queen into the game early.

The earlier the queen enters the game, the higher the risk that it will be attacked by weaker pieces of the opponent. It is unprofitable to exchange the queen for any piece, except for the enemy queen (after all, the queen is the strongest).

Also, by enrolling in our school, you will learn:

A chess game is divided into three stages: debut - the beginning of the party (stage 1), middle game (from German mittel - middle, spire - game) - middle of the game (stage 2), endgame (from German end - end, spire - game) - the end of the game (stage 3).

In the initial position, White and Black each have 20 possible moves (4 knight moves and 16 pawn moves). You can verify this yourself (when you learn how all the pieces move).

Conclusion: there are 400 ways to play only the first move on both sides. Further more...

Rook

The rook is the second most powerful piece after the queen. Two rooks are approximately equal in strength to the queen, but may be stronger than it.

The rook moves vertically and horizontally to any number of squares. Beats also.

At the beginning of the game, each player has two rooks. They are located at the corners of the board (squares a1, h1, a8, h8).

Many people who are far from chess call the rook a tour.

You will learn from our coaches that this piece is called a rook. So and only so!

The rook can also move differently than described above. This move is castling (long and short) - see the "king" figure.

From our coaches you will learn what a rook endgame is and why it is the most difficult and most common...

Elephant

The bishop is noticeably weaker than the rook and much weaker than the queen, but approximately equal in strength to the knight.

Coaches of our school will talk about these situations

For example: it is possible to checkmate a lone king with two bishops, but not with two knights (with proper defense).

At the beginning of the game, each of the opponents has two bishops. They are located on the c1, f1, c8, f8 squares. Each side has a BLUE-SQUARE and BLACK-SQUARE bishop. It will be more clear after you learn how the elephant walks (see diagram).

The elephant walks diagonally. Now it is clear that he can only control half of the board (32 squares out of 64). One white bishop controls the white squares, the other the black ones. Black's bishops are no different.

The elephant beats in the same way as it walks. If an enemy piece is encountered on his way, he can pick it up by standing on its square.

When you have two bishops, and the opponent has an elephant and a knight (or two knights), it is generally accepted that there is an approximate material balance on the board.

You will learn from our experienced trainers that having two bishops is almost always an advantage and learn how to use it

It is wrong to call a bishop an OFFICER (as well as a rook - a TUR, and a queen - a QUEEN).

An erudite, experienced and strong specialist will help you figure out the correct name of chess pieces

Horse

The knight is considered one of the weakest pieces, although it also happens that it is better to have a knight than a bishop. In exceptional cases, a knight can be even stronger than a queen (!!), however, like any weaker piece, it can be better than a stronger one.

You will learn about such cases from our trainers (one of the more entertaining topics)

A chess knight is most similar to an ordinary knight (which cannot be said, for example, about a bishop and a rook).

At the beginning of the game, both sides have two knights. They are located on the squares b1, g1, b8, g8. Learning to walk a horse is difficult (at the beginning of the article it was mentioned), but ...

Your child will be able to learn this in a short time and in an accessible, even playful way thanks to the experienced staff of the chess school

In the diagram, the knight is on the e4 square. From here he can go to 8 different fields (and in eight directions).

Reference: The knight, king and queen can move from the same field in eight different directions. Bishop and rook - only four.

Let's list where the knight can go from the e4 square: f2, d2, c3, c5, d6, f6, g5, g3.

The knight walks in a kind of zigzag - through the adjacent field (even occupied) vertically or horizontally, then moving away from the starting position to one of the adjacent fields diagonally.

Simply put, the knight moves with the letter "G": two fields vertically and one horizontally, or vice versa - two fields horizontally and one vertically.

The knight is very strong in closed positions (when the pawns of both sides have rested against each other), since it is the only piece that can jump over obstacles in its path.

The previous information about the horse is a drop in the ocean of what you need to know about him. You will learn about everything else by enrolling in our school.

Pawn

The pawn is the weakest combat unit, which is not even considered a piece. A pawn is just a pawn.

At the beginning of the game, each side has 8 pawns. White is located on the squares a2, b2, c2, d2, e2, f2, g2, h2. Black is located on the fields a7, b7, c7, d7, e7, f7, g7, h7.

The pawn moves only one space vertically forward. True, from the initial field, she can go two fields ahead at once.

Since the pawn is the weakest, all other pieces are valued in pawn equivalent. So,

At our school you will learn that:

- a knight and a bishop cost about three pawns each;

- rook - about 5 pawns;

- queen - approximately 9 pawns.

There is no absolute specificity, since a lot depends on the specific position on the board, and therefore it is impossible to say for sure.

From the coaches of the school you will learn about the positions in question and how to determine the value of the pieces in them

According to their location, pawns are divided into rook, knight, bishop, central (queen and king). The name of a pawn is determined by the name of the piece behind it.

The pawn does not attack the way it moves (unlike other pieces):

And she hits obliquely (on one field diagonally). (See diagram).

Since the pawn is already the weakest, it is endowed with another interesting ability: a capture on the aisle.

On the diagram, "taking on the aisle" is shown in dynamics. The black pawn moves from d7 to d5 and crosses the square d6, which was attacked by the white pawn. In this case, the white pawn has the right to take the black pawn and stand on the square that it initially attacked, that is, on d6.

You will learn more about this possibility of pawns from the lectures of our school, under the supervision of professionals in 1-1.5 hours

Another unique ability of the pawn is promotion to any piece.

Let's imagine that in the position on the diagram, the white pawn was on e7 (where the arrow starts) and moved to e8 (where the arrow ends). Consequently, the pawn looked like the last rank (for white it is the eighth rank, for black it is the first rank). In this case, the pawn has the right to turn into any piece (of course, except for the king - after all, he is the most important and each side can have only one). The diagram shows which pieces a pawn can choose for its promotion (queen, bishop, rook, knight). Almost always a pawn promotes to a queen, since the queen is the strongest piece (why promote to something weaker?)

The coaches of our school will talk about situations when it is beneficial to promote a pawn into other pieces, except for a queen. This is illustrated by interesting and instructive examples.

Chess pieces are divided into light and heavy. Lungs - horses and elephants. Heavy - rooks and queen. The king is not an easy, not a heavy figure (just the most important). Pawns are not pieces at all.