"Open lessons" were held throughout the country, timed to coincide with the day of national unity. Class hour "day of national unity" The history of the celebration of the Day of national unity

"
Lesson form: oral journal, lesson-journey through the pages of Russian history.
Lesson Objective: Learn about holidays 4 th november.

Educational: to acquaint with the content line of the holiday on the Day of the Only Begotten Unity, with the history of the appearance of the Kazan icon of the Virgin, the holy warriors Al. Nevsky, F. Ushakov, John the Russian;
Educational: to continue to cultivate in children a sense of patriotism, a desire to learn new things about the history of their homeland, to empathize with the joy of returning the holiday to the old tradition, to see in the personalities of the saints an example to follow;
Developing: acquaintance with new works of art for children of literature, fine arts, sculpture, icon painting, music
Equipment: piano, multimedia projector, microphones; presentations for the lesson on the pages: "Sing about Russia, what to strive for the temple ...", "Russia - the House of the Blessed Virgin", "On the appearance of the image of the Kazan Mother of God." “Day of National Unity”, “Soldiers, brave children”, an illustrative series for the beginning of the lesson (a selection of video files), for the story of John the Russian, a presentation by the student “Admiral F. Ushakov ...”; audio (mp3) with bell ringing, "Ivan Susanin's answer to the Poles" from the opera "Life for the Tsar" by M.I. Glinka, "Soldiers, brave children" backing track. For the first page of the lesson: G.V. Sviridov to the verses by I. Severyanin “Sing about Russia, what to strive for the temple”, verses by V.A. Zhukovsky, N.M. Rubtsov “Russia, Russia - wherever I look ...”, Workbook for 4th grade in music.

Bell ringing, which is accompanied by photographic material with views of the temples of Nizhny. Novgorod, Moscow, Holy Trinity Sergius Lavra, Moscow, St. rights. John the Russian and our school.

Teacher. Good afternoon guys, dear colleagues, dear guests!
Today we are having a holiday lesson. You all heard confirmation of my words at the beginning of the lesson. Who guessed what this confirmation is?

Children. Bell ringing, which happens on holidays in temples.

U. On November 4, 2005, the State holiday "Day of National Unity" appeared in Russia. And today we have gathered to learn about the origins of this holiday, about the famous Christian ascetics and their standing for the faith, for the Truth.
Our holiday lesson will take the form of an oral journal, which has several pages. Leafing through them, you and I, guys, will remember the familiar, hear something new from the history of our Motherland.
The lesson will be accompanied by samples of Orthodox culture in the field of religious, visual, musical art, in the field of Russian literature.
I invited children from the 5th and 6th grades to join us, who willingly agreed to take part in our lesson.

First page of the lesson. A small concert dedicated to Russia

U. tells that in the Russian Orthodox tradition Russia has long been called the House of the Most Holy Theotokos, and one of our favorite holidays is the feast of the Intercession of the Most Holy Theotokos. Shows files with images of the icons of the Virgin, in which children recognize familiar Images.
- November 4, yesterday, in the Orthodox tradition, the celebration of which icon was celebrated in Russia?
D. Yesterday was the feast of the icon of the Kazan Mother of God.
U. gives the floor to a student who tells about the miraculous appearance of the Kazan Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos. (The story is accompanied by illustrative material)
U. A musical riddle will preface our next page of the lesson.

U. Who is this person? What kind of music is playing? Q Recall the century and year in which these events occurred.
D. Ivan Susanin. He saved the future Russian Tsar, Mikhail Fedorovich. Opera "Life for the Tsar". Its other name is "Ivan Susanin" The events took place in 1621, i.e. 17th century.

U. Opens the next (third) page of the lesson " National Unity Day»

U. Your classmates will tell us about the strength of the spirit of Russian warriors, strong faith, relentless standing for the Truth.

Two Presentations of fourth grade students. About F. Ushakov and the holy righteous John the Russian.

Lesson summary

U. Did you like the lesson? Did you learn a lot? What event was our lesson about? With the appearance of what icon is this holiday closely connected? What historical significant personalities of Russian history did we talk about today?
D. Answer.
U. Thanks the guys who spoke and everyone for the excellent work in the lesson.

The lesson ends with the ringing of bells.

MBOU Verkhnebykovskaya secondary school Teacher of history and social studies Ventsova L.A. Explanatory note. Much attention is paid to the educational orientation of the educational process in a modern educational institution. Today, more than ever before, the priority task is to form civic values ​​among the younger generation: patriotism, an active life position, manifested in love for one's country, responsibility for its fate, respect for its history. Raising a country's patriot is one of the main conditions for national revival. A competent patriot is a person who loves the Motherland, who knows how to respond to changes in society, to defend his human right. The concept of patriotism includes the formation of love for one's family, one's native land, one's society, nature, country, planet Earth. These problems are not only philosophical, social, economic, but also pedagogical. It is important to educate an active patriot of your country, and not an outside observer. Forming a patriot, we, first of all, must see in him a person, a personality. Therefore, a patriot is a person imbued with patriotism, i.e. devotion to their small homeland, their land, Fatherland, their people. From a pedagogical point of view, this is an original individuality, a person with national self-consciousness, respect for the historical and cultural heritage of his people, for the human person and human rights. This methodological development presents a lesson on the history of Russia for 59 classes, dedicated to one of the Days of Russian Military Glory on November 4th. This day is known as National Unity Day. In accordance with the Federal Law, on November 4, 2005, our country celebrated National Unity Day for the first time, which has become an annual solemn and memorable Day.

Theme of the lesson: "Day of National Unity". Epigraph to the lesson: "A patriot is a person who serves the Motherland, and the Motherland is, first of all, the people." (N.G. Chernyshevsky) Purpose: to form an idea of ​​a new Russian holiday, its origins and meaning, education of civic qualities and patriotic feelings among schoolchildren. Expected results: Subject: the ability to answer questions, analyze, identify causes, outcomes, consequences, master the concepts of this period; Communicative: the ability to work in a group, distribute responsibilities, cooperate, hear other students, prove their point of view; Regulatory: the ability to bear responsibility not only individually, but also jointly and severally for the activities of the group; Personal: development of tolerance; Cognitive: continue searching for information and analyzing it after the lesson, using additional literature to broaden one's horizons. Lesson progress: Teacher: In recent years, our country has officially acquired a new holiday, National Unity Day, which is now celebrated annually on November 4th. Question: Tell me, what is unity? Why is it needed? Under what conditions does it occur? Answer: The celebration of this day is connected with the events of Russian history in the distant 1612. Question: Tell me, what kind of events took place at that time?

Answer: these events were connected with the liberation of Moscow from the Polish interventionists. Teacher: Russian people have always loved their Motherland. In her name, they performed feats, composed songs and epics, composed poems ... You are wide, Russia, on the face of the earth In royal beauty unfolded! Don't you have heroic powers, Holy antiquities, high-profile feats And there is something for that, mighty Russia, To love you, to call you a mother, To stand for your honor against an enemy For you, in need, lay down your head! Teacher: How does this poem make us feel? Answer: A feeling of triumph and pride for their homeland - Russia, for its mighty and glorious people. Teacher: At different times, Russian people composed proverbs, sayings about the Motherland. Here are just a few of them. Own land and in a handful is sweet. Your land is your dust. Wormwood does not grow without a root. Every sandpiper praises his swamp. The native side is the mother, the alien side is the stepmother. Whoever has not been to Moscow has not seen beauty. Teacher: Motherland and unity ... Let's talk about how you understand these words, what is the meaning of today's holiday? Answer: In the unity, the unity of the people - the strength of Russia. Teacher: But how do we know all this? That's right, history! Russia has been tested many times, experienced times of chaos more than once,

hostility and anarchy. When the country weakened, neighbors attacked it, hurrying to snatch a bigger piece and fatter. However, the most plausible pretexts can always be found for robbery and robbery. We called these times troubled, and also bloody. Internal and external storms shook the country to its very foundations, so much so that not only the rulers changed, but also the forms of government themselves. But the country rose again and again from the ashes. After each tragedy, she only became stronger at the envy of her enemies. Now fast forward 400 years to the beginning of the 17th century. What event are we talking about? What great turmoil shook the Russian land? (student answers). Quite right. We are talking about the events of the distant 17th century, about the time of troubles, when Russia faced a choice: to be or not to be. At that distant time, the fate of our country and our people was being decided. It was November 4, 4 centuries ago. That is why, when we talk about the holiday of November 4, we understand that November 4 is the day of unity of all Russian peoples; this is the day of the salvation of Russia from the greatest danger that ever threatened her; it is a revived holiday with its own history. By the way, about history: November 4 is famous for various historical events. And here, in Russia, on this day they celebrate the liberation of Russia from the Polish-Lithuanian intervention. Almost 4 centuries ago, in early November, the people's militia drove the Polish invaders out of Moscow and put an end to the so-called Time of Troubles. In the Time of Troubles, the boyars could not share power among themselves, and the Commonwealth was already planning where and what it would build in Russia when it took it into its own hands. It dragged on for a long time, and if the plans of the Polish gentry came true, then we would not live with you either in the USSR or in Russia. Who knows who we would be now?.. The militia is unique in that it is the only example in Russian history when the fate of the country and the state was decided by the people themselves, without the participation of the authorities as such. The people went to liberate the land and restore order in the capital. They did not go to war for the king - he was not there. Our great-great-great-great-grandfathers once went to fight for the land, and they won. Then all classes, all nationalities, villages, cities and metropolises united. This day is rightly called the Day of National Unity. There has never been another day like this in Russian history.

This holiday has been celebrated since 2005. The immediate reason for the introduction of the new holiday was the planned cancellation of the celebration of November 7, which in the minds of people is associated with the anniversary of the October Revolution of 1917. The idea to make November 4 a holiday as National Unity Day was put forward by the Interreligious Council of Russia in September 2004. It was supported by the Duma Committee on Labor and Social Policy. On September 29, 2004, Patriarch Alexy of Moscow and All Russia publicly supported the initiative of the Duma to establish the celebration on November 4th. I will read you an excerpt from a poem, and you remember from the course of national history what happened in that period in our country? Great confusion in Russia ... For twelve years there has been no good rest. From the reign of Boris - now There is discord in the government, There is confusion among the people, And great emptiness over the lands, Yes, tears of widows, Yes, bitter children's crying ... There is something to despair to nest In my soul: The capital is burned, And the Kremlin is in the hands of presumptuous Poles, Oh , the draft people groan heavily! Devastation, disorder, desecration of the Shrines of the people and the holiness of churches ... Around whom should the Russian people rally? Who will bring deliverance from our enemies?

Students answer that this is the period between the reign of two dynasties: from the death of Tsar Fedor Ivanovich to the accession of Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov, when the country was shaken by food riots, impostors appeared, and Polish-Swedish interventionists tried to seize Russian lands. Teacher: Yes, this is a very difficult period in the history of our Fatherland, when the independence of our Motherland literally hung by a thread, and the Polish-Swedish invaders already felt at home in the Russian lands. Teacher: let's once again turn over the pages of the history of that difficult time today and try to answer the question: who helped the Russian people cope with the enemy in difficult years? On the screen are portraits of historical figures without signatures: Fyodor Ivanovich, Boris Godunov, False Dmitry 1, Vasily Shuisky, Dmitry Pozharsky, Ivan Susanin. Teacher: Who are these guests? Summing up: the students answered the question correctly. Further, the teacher proposes to mark in the list of historical personalities those individuals who played an important role in the liberation of Moscow and all of Russia from the Poles and helped Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov to marry the kingdom. Students note: Dmitry Pozharsky, Kuzma Minin, Ivan Susanin. Teacher: On October 22, 1612, militia fighters led by Kuzma Minin and Dmitry Pozharsky stormed China - the city. Prince Pozharsky entered the city with the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God and vowed to build a temple in memory of this victory. This date in Russian history is considered the end of the Time of Troubles and the beginning of the unity of the Russian people. Here are the real heroes. They managed to unite the people around the idea of ​​serving the Fatherland. They talked about brotherly love and sacrifice. In the midst of malice, greed and despair that gripped the people, they reminded that there is no more feat than to give one's life for one's brother... Kuzma Minin, a native of the people, and Prince Dmitry Pozharsky! All

their thoughts, all their will were directed to the salvation of the Motherland and the faith of their fathers. And they did the impossible, they defeated the enemy that had taken over the country. These were the difficult times of the Polish intervention. The Poles ruled in Moscow, the Swedes captured Novgorod. The administration of the country was completely lost. Under these conditions, the Nizhny Novgorod headman Kuzma Minin called on the people to liberate the Motherland. The command of the militia was headed by an experienced military leader, Prince Dmitry Pozharsky. In the spring of 1612, the people's militia went on a campaign, and in November of the same year the invaders laid down their arms. The feat of the Kostroma peasant Ivan Susanin will forever serve as a symbol of loyalty to the Motherland. He sacrificed his life for another person, the young man Alexei - the future Tsar of Russia. The patriotic movement of the people was crowned with a complete victory. Power was restored in the Kremlin. In February 1613, the Zemsky Sobor elected Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov to the kingdom. Teacher: I will read you excerpts from poetic works, and you will try to answer which hero the lines belong to: Russian people! Orthodox people! Is the enemy invincible? Shall we give up the land? Not! Leading the people behind us, Let's go, not sparing life, Loving the Fatherland! Let's all who are rich, Not at all, not in the least. We will help everyone, like a brother brother, After all, we are one family! Students answer: Kuzma Minin Teacher: Which character do these lines belong to? “Where are you taking us?... you can’t see a damn thing! -

Enemies cried out to the peasant with a heart: We are bogged down and drowning in snowdrifts:; To us, to know, not to get with you to the lodging for the night. You have gone astray, brother, right, on purpose astray; But you won’t be able to save Michael like that!” "Where did you take us?" the old Lyakh cried out. "Where you need it!" the peasant said. You thought you found a traitor in me: They are not, and will not be near the Russian land! In it, everyone loves his homeland from infancy, And he will not destroy his soul by betrayal "" Villain! - shouted the enemies, boiling: You will die under the swords! “Your anger is not terrible! Who is Russian by heart, will die in a severe battle, defending his homeland! Students answer: Ivan Susanin. A message about the feat of Ivan Susanin, a prepared student. Ivan Susanin is a Russian national hero, a peasant from the Kostroma district. Almost nothing is known about the life of Ivan Susanin. There is also an opinion that Ivan Susanin was a patrimonial headman. The Polish king decided to destroy the pretender to the Russian throne, Mikhail Romanov, and sent his detachment to the place where Mikhail and his mother were at that time. The Poles and Lithuanians in a detachment approached the village of Domnina in the Kostroma district in order to kill the newly elected Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich. The Poles hired Susanin as an escort. Ivan Susanin led a detachment of Poles into impenetrable swamps. Susanin himself died, but the Poles were no longer able to get out of the swamps. In the center of Kostroma there is a monument to Ivan Susanin. Works dedicated to Ivan Susanin and his feat

musical, visual and verbal art: M. I. Glinka’s opera “Ivan Susanin” (“Life for the Tsar”), K. F. Ryleev’s thought “Ivan Susanin”, N. A. Polevoy’s drama “Kostroma Forests”, painting by M. I. Scotti "The Feat of Ivan Susanin". Teacher: What is this poem about? This monument was erected to the Two Heroes by the whole country In honor of the fact that the native land was delivered From dishonor. Students: Minin and Pozharsky. Teacher: So who, after all, helped Russia overcome the turmoil and expel the enemy? Students: The Russian people themselves, united in one militia. Teacher: We know that at all times the unity of the people has been, is and will be the main national idea for our country both politically and spiritually. This is the historical basis that links our past, present and future. The teacher offers to answer questions for the quiz: (group work) 1. In what year was the Day of National Unity celebrated for the first time in modern Russia? 2. What memorable date was replaced by National Unity Day? 3. Name the president under whom National Unity Day became a red day of the calendar? 4. Under what king was the holiday first introduced? 5. What was the historical reason for the emergence of this memorable date? 6. From whom was Moscow and Russia liberated in the 17th century, what was the beginning of the history of National Unity Day? 7. Who came up with the idea to make November 4 a holiday in Russia in September 2004? 8. Who led the assault on Kitaygorod on November 1, 1612?

9. Which city became the center of the celebration of National Unity Day in 2005? The teacher offers to complete the exercise: “Continue the sentences”: (group work) 1. The most precious thing for a person is ... 2. A patriot of his Motherland is ... 3. Far from my home, I will remember ... 4. Duty for me is ... 5 The light in the windows of my house is ... 6. I would like the future of my country to be ... 7. Helping the Fatherland means ... 8. The law for me is ... Teacher: Let's always remember that we, Russians, are one people with a common historical destiny and a common future. Let's work together for the well-being of our Motherland. We are all united by Russia, and may our love for the Fatherland serve the common good! Our people saved their homeland, saved faith and statehood. The day of the liberation of Moscow from the invaders is celebrated as the Day of National Unity. This is not only a celebration of the expulsion of interventionists who carry values ​​alien to us, it is a celebration of friendship and unification, a celebration of love and harmony, faith that God is in truth, and not in power. Remember the slogan of the winners: stick together, love and help each other, be able to sincerely forgive the offender. In conclusion, let's join hands and all together pronounce this oath: The main thing is together! The main thing is together! The main thing - with a heart burning in the chest! We do not need indifference! Anger, resentment drive away! Remember this feeling of unity and amazing elation and keep it for life. Be worthy of the glory of your ancestors. Thank you for your attention.

Open lesson - event on the topic:

"Day of national unity"

for students in grades 5-9.

Kishchenko Anastasia Alexandrovna,

geography teacher, social pedagogue

MBOU Lyceum №1 named after. G.S. Titova Krasnoznamensk

Moscow region

Target:

to form a sense of citizenship and patriotism;

to form responsibility for the fate of the Motherland;

give a general idea of ​​the history of the holiday and the events associated with 1612;

broaden the horizons of students;

develop the ability to draw conclusions, generalize;

to promote the development of the ability to participate in a dialogue, to defend one's point of view;

to cultivate interest in studying the history of their country, a sense of pride and respect for the defenders of the state.

Equipment: computer, projector, screen, computer presentation, video film.

Event progress:

The stage is decorated with decorations in the form of Cathedral Square in Nizhny Novgorod.

The bell sounds. Introductory speech of the teacher:

Don't argue with history
Live with history
She unites
For feat and work
One state
When the people are one
When with great power
He moves forward.
He defeats the enemy
United in battle
And Russia liberates
And he sacrifices himself.
For the glory of those heroes
We live with the same fate
Today is Unity Day
We celebrate with you!

The anthem of the Russian Federation sounds.

Telling the story of the holiday with slideshow elements:

Leading : Hello guys. Today our event is dedicated to one of the most patriotic holidays in Russia - National Unity Day.

November 4 - the day of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God - has been celebrated since 2005 as the "Day of National Unity".On December 16, 2004, the State Duma of the Russian Federation adopted simultaneously in three readings amendments to the federal law "On the Days of Military Glory (Victory Days of Russia)". One of the changes was the introduction of a new holiday, National Unity Day. In December 2004, the President of Russia, V.V. Putin, signed the Federal Law "On the Introduction into Article 1 of the Federal Law" On the Days of Military Glory (Victorious Days) of Russia), in which November 4 was declared National Unity Day.

The explanatory note to the draft law noted: “On November 4, 1612, the militia soldiers led by Kuzma Minin and Dmitry Pozharsky stormed Kitay-gorod, freeing Moscow from Polish invaders and demonstrating a model of heroism and solidarity of the entire people, regardless of origin, religion and position in society".

Guys, how well do you know the events that are associated with the holiday of National Unity Day? Grade 7 students will now tell us some historical facts that influenced the course of events of that difficult time.

Students make presentations with speeches.

Student 1. From the end of the 16th century, the so-called Time of Troubles began in Russia - a difficult time of crisis for our country.

In 1598 Tsar Fyodor Ivanovich (son of Ivan IV the Terrible) died. Since he was childless, the dynasty of "born sovereigns" ended with his death. After his death, elected people from different cities gathered in Moscow and elected Boris Godunov as king. The time of his reign promised to be happy. A building boom has begun. Godunov sought to alleviate the situation of the townspeople, and in foreign policy he relied on rapprochement with the West. Boris invited foreigners to public service, exempted them from taxes. But in the fall of 1601, heavy rains began, followed by early frosts. The crop remained in the field. The tragedy repeated itself the following year. A terrible famine began, which lasted for three whole years. Boris forbade selling bread more than a certain limit, trying to keep the price increase. But it did not help. The price of bread has increased a hundredfold.

The king ordered to issue money from the treasury to the poor, but the money began to lose value. The tsar ordered the state barns to be opened for the starving, but the bread did not last long. Riots began. The tsarist troops defeated the rebels, but could not calm the country.

Student 2: On April 13, 1605, Tsar Boris Godunov died suddenly. Fedor (son of Boris), an educated and intelligent young man, was named the new tsar. Soon there was a rebellion in Moscow. The young king and his mother were killed, and the people were told that they had poisoned themselves. The path to the throne was open. Who became king? False Dmitry became king. This is Grigory Otrepiev, who fled to Poland in 1602, and came from the Galician nobles. But he was soon killed. After his death, the boyars chose Vasily Shuisky as tsar, but calmness in the country was not restored. There were more and more impostors.

At this time, the Polish king Sigismund II invaded Russia. The Poles defeated the army of Tsar Vasily Shuisky, the Muscovites were in great agitation, and Vasily Shuisky was brought down from the throne. After the overthrow of Shuisky, Russia was left completely without a king. The Poles besieged Smolensk. The Polish king wanted to become king. Power in Moscow was seized by the "seven boyars" headed by Prince Fyodor Mstislavsky, who let Polish troops into the Kremlin with the intention of placing the Catholic prince Vladislav on the Russian throne. In this difficult time for Russia, Patriarch Hermogenes called on the Russian people to stand up for Orthodoxy and expel the Polish invaders from Moscow. "It's time to lay down your soul for the House of the Most Holy Theotokos!" - wrote the patriarch. His call was taken up by the Russian people. A broad patriotic movement began for the liberation of the capital from the Poles. The first people's (zemstvo) militia was headed by the Ryazan governor Prokopiy Lyapunov. But because of the strife between the nobles and the Cossacks, who, on false charges, killed the governor, the militia disintegrated. The anti-Polish uprising, which began prematurely in Moscow on March 19, 1611, was defeated.

Student 3: At the same time, the Swedes came to Russian land with the aim of capturing. The disasters of the Russian land reached the extreme. It seemed that Russia was dead. And then the popular feeling began to speak in the Russian people. They decided to stand for their native country against foreigners. To do this, Nizhny Novgorod decided to formmilitia . Gatherings began: they talked about where to get people and money from. On the advice of the headman from Nizhny NovgorodKuzma Minina each Nizhny Novgorod citizen donated a third of his property to the militia, but the prince was chosen as the leaderDmitry Pozharsky . Soon other cities joined Nizhny Novgorod. In April 1612, a huge militia was already standing in Yaroslavl, with Prince Pozharsky and Minin at the head. Under the banners of Pozharsky and Minin, a huge army gathered at that time -more than 10 thousand serving local people , up to three thousand Cossacks, more than a thousand archers and many "subsistence people" from the peasants. With the miraculous icon of the Kazan Mother of God, revealed in 1579, the Nizhny Novgorod Zemstvo militia managed on November 4, 1612 to storm Kitai-Gorod and drive the Poles out of Moscow. In August, a decisive victory was won over the Poles, and in October Moscow was cleared of the invaders. The Great Zemsky Sobor of 1613 was the final victory over the Time of Troubles and the triumph of national unity.

Student 4:

The last camp Pozharsky

Stood at the native patrimony *.

The prince did not need the royal throne,

And the title is loud HERO.

By the will of the heart, not pride,

He led a campaign against the enemy.

Minin was his colleague,

He called the militia forward.

So the citizen of the great soul

Glorified his humble family.

In our many-sided homeland

The people answered the call.

Collecting funds little by little,

They called the militia army.

And everyone who lived in the neighborhood

Moscow decided to defend.

Heroes glory will not fade!

I'm proud that in bad days

There were relatives of Smolensk,

And they fought for Moscow!

They defeated the adversary again:

The unity of the army is always strong!

The soldiers stood brother for brother,

In battles, Russia is saved!

Face of Our Lady of Kazan

He kept everyone from hardships and troubles.

The dominance of Poland fell pan!

And the light of freedom shone!

The old time is near again.

The feat of old years does not fade!

In Rostokin, on the obelisk,

Heroes of those glorious victories!

Conversation with the audience about the holiday:

Homeland and unity... Tell me, how do you understand these words? (students answer)

What do you think, what does the Day of National Unity call us to do? (students answer).

A student comes out in the role of Kuzma Minin and a scene is played out:

A huge crowd filled the Cathedral Square in Nizhny Novgorod. The people did not disperse for a long time, as if they were waiting for something. Then the elected chief of the townspeople climbed onto the empty barrel. Headman Kuzma Minin.

Brothers! We will not regret anything! - said the headman.

We will give everything we have to save the Motherland.

Pulling from his bosom a purse full of money, he immediately poured it into a bucket standing next to him. Here, all the people from the square began to throw money, jewelry. Residents began to demolish everything they have, what they have accumulated in their lives. And whoever had nothing, he took off his copper cross and gave it to the common cause. It was necessary to have a lot of money in order to gather a large and strong army, arm it and feed the soldiers.

The people began to think who to call as leaders. We settled on Prince Dmitry Mikhailovich Pozharsky.

Sergius of Radonezh blessed Prince Dmitry Pozharsky to lead the army and fight against enemies.

The film is playing on the screen: "November 4 - Day of National Unity" (students watch the movie)

( )

Leading:

November 4 (October 22 old style) 1612 the enemy army surrendered to the mercy of the victors, the militia led by Minin and Pozharsky took Kitai-Gorod. Moscow was liberated.

Here are the real heroes. They managed to unite the people around the idea of ​​serving the Fatherland.

In memory of the liberation of Moscow from the Poles, the Kazan Cathedral was built in Moscow with the money of D. Pozharsky, in honor of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God.

A student reads a poem in front of a video ( ) :

Gone in the history of the year
Kings have changed and nations
But the time is troubled, adversity
Russia will never forget!

A line is written in victory,
And praises the verse of former heroes,
Defeated the people of outcast enemies,
Found freedom forever!

And Russia rose from its knees
In hands with an icon before the battle,
Blessed by prayer
To the sound of coming changes.

Villages, villages, cities
With respect to the Russian people
Celebrate freedom today
And Unity Day forever!

The teacher gives a speech on the background of a slide film:

The holiday DAY OF NATIONAL UNITY is a tribute of deep respect to those significant pages of national history, when patriotism and citizenship helped our people to unite and protect the country from invaders. To overcome the times of anarchy and strengthen the Russian state.

November 4 is the day Russia was saved from the biggest danger that ever threatened her (slide);

November 4 is a day of real deeds, not dubious marches (slide).

November 4 is the day of memory of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God (slide).

Leading:

Remember this feeling of unity and keep it for life. Be worthy of your glorious ancestors.

Students take turns reading the poem against the background of music (Redemption_Denied_-_1612_(xMusic.me):

On Unity Day we will be near,
Let's be together forever
All nationalities of Russia
In distant villages, cities!

Live, work, build together,
Sow bread, raise children,
Create, love and argue,
Keep the peace of the people

Honor the ancestors, remember their deeds,
Avoid wars and conflicts
To fill life with happiness
To sleep under a peaceful sky!

Leading : All the best!

Methodical development of a lesson for primary school students.
Author: Elizarova Maria Alekseevna, primary school teacher, municipal state educational institution Galkinskaya secondary school, Russia, Sverdlovsk region, Kamyshlovskiy district, Galkinskoe village, 2016.
Grade: 1-4
Theme: "Day of National Unity".
Form of conduct: Lesson-journey
Purpose: Formation of students' knowledge about the history of the holiday National Unity Day, through a conversation with problematic issues.
Tasks:
To form a general idea of ​​the events associated with 1612;
develop the ability to analyze historical facts, compare, draw conclusions; develop self-control skills;
to cultivate a sense of pride for the Motherland on the example of the feat and selflessness of the great citizens of Russia - Minin and Pozharsky.
Planned result:
Personal: they show love and respect for the Motherland, understand the role of cohesion and unity in human life.
Meta-subject: students show personal UUD (carry out self-determination to the topic of the class hour, evaluate the content being digested; carry out self-assessment); regulatory UUD (self-regulation, as the ability to mobilize forces and energy, to volitional effort; students exercise self-control.); communicative UUD (express their point of view, clearly and fully arguing their thoughts, know how to work in a team); cognitive UUD (formulate a goal, analyze, compare the proposed information, search for and highlight information, formulate a problem)
Subject: demonstrate knowledge about the history of the holiday "Day of National Unity", understand the meaning of unity in human life.
Lesson plan:
Organizational moment 2 minutes
Motivational-target stage. Stop "Target". 5 minutes
Main stage. Learning new material. Stop "Tolkovaya". 5 minutes
Physical Minute. 3 minutes
Continue learning new material. Stop "Historical". 10 minutes
Consolidation of acquired knowledge. Stop "Connoisseurs" 5 minutes.
Stop "Typewriter" 5 minutes
Summarizing. 5 minutes
Equipment: computer, projector, screen, presentation "National Unity Day".
Lesson progress:
Org. Moment
(slide 1)
The teacher reads a poem.
They don’t argue with history, They live with history, It unites One state, When one people, When it moves forward with great power. He defeats the enemy, Uniting in battle, And Russia liberates, And sacrifices himself. Today is Unity DayWe celebrate with you!
Motivational-target stage
- It is very important for each of us to know the history of our Motherland. Our great Motherland has a glorious and eventful heroic history. For centuries, the people of our country had to fight with numerous, strong and cruel enemies in order to defend the freedom and independence of their homeland.
(slide 2)
- Today we will go on a trip in a time machine to the past. But in order for us to return back to the present, we will need to visit all the stops of our car.
- Let's hit the road? (YES)
- Close your eyes, sit back and count 10 magical seconds into the past: 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2.1 ... Here we are.
(slide 3)
1) Stop "Target".
- First stop "Target". On it, we need to determine the purpose of our arrival here.
(slide 3: mouse click)
- Look, there is an inscription on the time machine. Read it. (Day of National Unity).
- What is this? Maybe some kind of holiday?
- Formulate the theme and purpose of our activity? (Theme: National Unity Day holiday. Purpose: to learn the history of the holiday, the meaning of the word "unity") - Well done, let's move on ....
3. Main stage. Learning new material.
2) Stop "Explanatory".
(slide 4)
- The next stop is "Explanatory". We need to know the meaning of the word "unity".
- What is unity? (children's opinions)
Where can we find the meaning of this word? (In the explanatory dictionary).
- Let's look in the explanatory dictionary.
1. Generality, complete similarity. unity of views.
2. Wholeness, cohesion. unity. nation,
3. Continuity, mutual connection. unity of theory and practice.
(slide 5)
- What do you think, what does the Day of National Unity call us to do then? (Toward the unity of Russians. After all, it is precisely in unity, in the unity of the people, that Russia's strength.) - Tell me, are people united in our time? Are they all friendly?
- Unfortunately no. Now conflicts and wars are taking place in the world: Ukraine, the USA, France, Syria, as an example for you. It's all because of dissension, disrespect and power struggles. What should be done to avoid conflicts and wars? (Children's opinions).
- That's right, you need to respect each other, be friendly, be able to find a compromise, always remain a Human.
- Well done, we continue our journey ...
4. Physical minute.
(slide 6)
- But we can't move on. Our car is running out of power. Let's load it up. We jump, we run, we clap, we stomp. Our car is loaded, we go further ...
(sweet 7)
5. Continued study of new material. Talk about the history of the holiday.
3) Stop "Historical".
(slide 8)
- Before us stop "Historical". Here, you will carefully listen to the history of the formation of the holiday, because the next stop is "Connoisseurs", where we have to answer questions.
- It's so dark and gloomy at this stop. What happened here? (Children's opinions). Let's find out.
- Now we are in 1612, at that time the Great Troubles began in Russia.
- Tell me, how many years ago did we return, if it is now 2016? Let's count? That's right, 404 years ago. (slide 9)
- And what is this time - Troubles? So they called the restless time of crop failures, famine, unrest and uprisings. Taking advantage of this, the troops of the Polish and Swedish kings invaded the Russian lands. Soon the Poles were in Moscow, the capital of our Motherland. A deadly threat hung over the state. Polish troops burned the Russian state, devastated, killed people. Sighs and sobs were heard around. Then the patience of our people came to an end. The Russian people decided to merge into one in order to expel opponents from their native land. (Slide 10)
It was on November 4 that the people's militia - the country's armed forces, at the head of the Nizhny Novgorod governor - military commander - Kozma Minin and Prince Dmitry Pozharsky successfully stormed (attacked) Kitai-Gorod - a Moscow area inside the Kitaigorod fortress wall, forcing the command of the Polish army to sign an immediate surrender, i.e. e. to refuse the forthcoming struggle, to admit defeat.
(slide 11)
Dmitry Pozharsky was the first to enter the liberated city with the sacred icon of the Kazan Mother of God in his hands.
(slide 12)
It was she, as sacredly believed in Russia, who helped defend the State of Moscow from the Polish invasion.
(slide 13)
In honor of the day of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God and the glorious victory of the Russian army over the Polish invaders, Russian President Vladimir Putin in 2005 signed a decree on the establishment in Russia on November 4 of a new public holiday, National Unity Day.
(slide 14)
In 2005, Nizhny Novgorod became the center of the celebration. A monument to Kuzma Minin and Dmitry Pozharsky was unveiled there.
(slide 15: watching a movie excerpt)
In 2007, Vladimir Khotineko, a Russian film director, shot the historical film "1612", which shows the life and fate of the events of the Time of Troubles - the times of rebellions, riots, unrest.
(slide 16)
On this day, November 4, a solemn government reception is necessarily arranged in the Great Kremlin Hall, at which people who have made a great contribution to the development and prosperity of Russia are awarded.
(slide 17)
Now in Russia, National Unity Day is becoming more and more popular. After all, pride in one's Motherland, for its past and present, and faith in its happy future is what invariably unites people and makes them one people.
Look around, everything is brighter, fresher. We continue our journey.
6. Consolidation of acquired knowledge
Let's see how carefully you listened.
(slide 18)
4) Stop "Connoisseurs".
In what year did the Great Troubles begin? (1612)
What people were at enmity with the Russian people? (Poles)
At the head, with what governors did the Russian people storm Kitay-gorod? (Kozma Minin and Prince Dmitry Pozharsky)
With what icon did Dmitry Pozharsky enter the liberated city? (icon of Our Lady of Kazan)
In what year the President of the Russian Federation Putin V.V. signed a decree on the establishment of the Day of National Unity in Russia? (2005)
In which city was the monument to Kuzma Minin and Dmitry Pozharsky unveiled in 2005? (Nizhny Novgorod)
What is the name of the film by a Russian filmmaker dedicated to the events of the Time of Troubles? (1612)
It is in honor of this event that the Day of National Unity is celebrated. 400 years have passed, during this time many times different countries tried to seize Russia, but they did not succeed, all people stood up to defend their country.
(slide 19)
5) Stop "Typewriter".
We will soon have to return to our time, but we still have one more stop - the Typewriter.
The teacher gives letters to each child. The letters make up the phrase "United and united, our people are invincible." Then the phrase should be said as quickly as possible, with everyone calling their letter, and in the intervals between words, everyone clap their hands.
- Look, only by joint efforts, when we united, rallied, we were able to pass this stop. Well done! And what does the phrase you said mean? (Children's opinions).
- Under no circumstances should we forget that our strength lies in our unity, in our solidarity. It doesn’t matter at all what surname this or that person has, what nationality he is, it is important that we all treat each other with respect, because only together we are capable of more than alone.
7. Completion of activities.
Reflection.
- We passed all the stops, completed all the tasks. It's time to return to our time. We close our eyes, hold hands and count 10 magical seconds ahead: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10.
(slide 20)
So we are back in 2016. Let's summarize. What goal have we set for ourselves?
- Do you think we have reached the goal?
(slide 21)
- What conclusion can we draw? What role do cohesion and unity play in human life?
-I hope that now you will respect each other, listen and help.
(slide 22)
- Our country is multinational, more than 180 nationalities live in Russia and each has its own customs, fairy tales and songs. But we all have one big, united Motherland Russia!