A proverb about a rainbow is every hunter. Every hunter wants to know where the pheasant is sitting, color perception flows smoothly from the right hemisphere to the left

Having become a hunter and having hunted for about forty years, I have repeatedly been on a pheasant hunt. All these were hunts "self-propelled" or paddock, not particularly prolific and interesting. But six years ago, my senior friend, knowing that I had long wanted to get a dog for duck hunting, gave me a drathaar puppy named Graf for the New Year. In the very first year of hunting with the Count, I decided to go for a pheasant. And now there was no limit to the delight of the hunt. It was a great, beautiful hunt! Since that moment, for six years now, I have become an avid pheasant. During my first season with a dog, I caught more pheasants than in all the previous forty years, since there were enough licenses.

It is difficult to find any other hunting bird in our country that would be as bright and beautifully colored as a pheasant. The outfit of roosters is especially beautiful: in their plumage there are golden, dark green, orange and purple colors. On the glossy dark head of a rooster there is a crest and rather large red fields around the eyes. On the neck is a ring of white feather. On the top of the back and neck - greenish feathers with a blue tint on a general golden background. The back is golden-red, and each feather is decorated with a black triangular spot. The long tail is in tone with the back, and at its base there are copper-red feathers with a violet and purple tint, decorated with an intricate pattern. Hens, as a rule, are painted in brownish-yellow tones with streaks.

The permanent habitat of pheasants is impenetrable thorn bushes, dense thickets of forest belts, tall dense grass, weeds, especially those clogged with tumbleweeds, dense reeds, vineyards, fields sown with cereal crops. And these birds are very fond of summer cottages. The main food for pheasants is insects, berries, seeds of weeds and cereals. However, in the stern pheasants are not very picky. In summer, they prefer locusts, beetles, caterpillars, snails, and they can peck at both a lizard and a mouse. In autumn, seeds and berries occupy the main place in their diet. Once, in a very severe snowy winter, I saw pheasants hunting starlings. But the main thing for this bird is that there is always water nearby.

The pheasant flies very badly - at most it can fly 300-400 meters, so it always tries to hide or flee (and pheasants run just fine). This explains the pheasant's craving for "strong" places, inconvenient for walking and shooting. However, a pheasant can also go out to feed in the almost bare steppe, but it is rather difficult to take him by surprise there - at the first sign of danger, he quickly runs away into the saving thickets. So hunting this bird without a dog is rather difficult and cannot be as successful as hunting other game. For a good pheasant hunt, you simply need a dog with a very fast search (otherwise the pheasants will run into the thicket without a shot), hardy and not very sensitive to prickly vegetation. Almost all breeds of cops are suitable for this, but preference should be given to wire-haired and long-haired dogs, which are more reliably protected from thorns. Drathaars are good in this regard.

Under a skillful dog, the pheasants sink and hide, allowing the cop to make a stand on them, and the hunter to approach and prepare for a shot. The pheasant takes off noisily and quickly, as if shooting itself out of the bushes. It is understandable - after all, he is in such a thicket, where it is impossible to really flap his wings, and his jumps sometimes reach one and a half meters in height. For all its bright coloring, the pheasant hides very skillfully. Approaching a dog standing on a stand, it is very difficult to see him even in low and sparse grass. When hunting for pheasants, a dog is needed not only to raise the bird on its wing, but also to find and give a dead pheasant to the hunter or to catch a wounded animal. The fact is that a beaten pheasant often falls into such thickets that it is simply impossible to find it yourself.

As for wounded animals, especially those with whole legs, it is generally unrealistic to catch such animals without a dog. Wounded pheasants, barely touching the ground, take flight with great speed and instantly disappear into the thickets. A wounded pheasant also has the property of hiding and not emitting a smell. Sometimes hunters complain that they seem to have shot down a pheasant, but the dog cannot find it. You just need to wait 10-15 minutes and let the dog search for the wounded animal again - just after this time the pheasant will again “give a smell”. For some reason, it is believed that the pheasant is quite strong on the wound, and that is why it gives a large number of wounded animals. But from my point of view, it is not. So consider the hunters who shoot the pheasant with large shot - the 5th or even the 3rd. And those who hunt without a dog - because their pheasant flies out unexpectedly, and they shoot in a hurry. To avoid wounded animals, I shoot the pheasant with small shot (usually number 7 or 8). Yes, and I shoot from under the counter of my Count. After 6 years of joint hunting, I will know for sure by his behavior and posture, “on whom he is standing” - whether it is a quail, or a pheasant or a partridge, and in which direction the bird is.

Golden bird, firebird, royal game - as soon as the pheasant is not called, and now hardly anyone will refuse the opportunity to hunt it. Although the pheasant in our country, on the Kerch Peninsula of Crimea, appeared relatively recently, in the mid-70s of the last century. Then, on the initiative and under the guidance of my father, an experienced hunter Pyotr Ilyich Grishchenko, the Kerch city organization of hunters, then UOOR, bought pheasants for breeding in the hunting grounds in the Cold Mountain tract near Belogorsk. This unique pheasant nursery was created at the request of N.S. Khrushchev back in 1956. Those pheasants were released, having previously created comfortable conditions for the bird, on Kerch land in the Maryevsky forest. From there, the pheasant gradually settled throughout the Kerch Peninsula, but the Maryevsky forest for a long time remained the main hunting ground for this beautiful bird. Some time ago, the Maryevsky forest was taken away from the Kerch hunters, and with it the pheasant hunting. It was then, four years ago, that the chairman of our society of hunters, Vladimir Puzikov, began again to grow and release pheasant in our hunting grounds.

Every year, up to 3 thousand pheasant eggs are laid in incubators in our hunting farm. Not every egg produces a chick, many die in the process of feeding. Due to its natural character, a lot of pheasants die in the aviary - it just beats against the nets and crossbars. A lot disappears in the first days after being released into the wild, since the aviary bird is poorly accustomed to independently seek food and water. Contribute their mite and predators. In total, out of 3 thousand “potential pheasants”, about one and a half survive before the start of the hunting season. Young pheasants are released in forest belts or reeds, where there is a food base and water. But even there, artificial feeders and drinkers are equipped with the forces of the hunting community. The release of grown birds is carried out twice a year. The first time - at the beginning of summer and the second time - two weeks before the opening of the pheasant hunt. Quite a significant part of the birds survive the hunting season and the capricious Kerch winter, and in the spring form pairs and bring forth offspring. Thus, there is a stable population on the peninsula, no longer different from a completely wild pheasant. Nevertheless, in the winter period, the obligatory feeding of the pheasant is carried out. In all the forest belts of our hunting grounds, feeders are equipped, which are constantly replenished with grain waste. Part of the grain is purchased, something falls in the order of sponsorship.

Growing a pheasant is a rather expensive item for the budget of our hunting society. But the costs are paid off by hunting. Some ignorant people say that for the money that is spent on hunting, you can buy any meat of your choice. I note that I personally do not go hunting for meat. I go hunting for a shot and emotions, and, of course, in the end - for a beautiful trophy. And the very opening of pheasant hunting in our lands is a holiday, people come to us in Kerch to hunt this bird from all over the Crimea and beyond. There are so many emotions, meetings and communication! Only for their sake it is possible to breed this beautiful bird.

It is definitely worth mentioning that hunting for a semi-wild bird released into the ground at the beginning of the season is practically no different from hunting for a wild pheasant. In the wild, pheasant fry quickly adapt, run wild and become quite cautious. Although immediately after the enclosure, young pheasants practically do not know how to fly and prefer to simply hide from the hunter. Such when hunting with a dog at first are easy prey. But, according to my observations, after a couple of weeks, the pheasant becomes a full-fledged wild bird and is no different from those born in nature.

The younger the pheasants, the better they can stand the dog's stance, the smaller the space they run and the faster they rise. Old males almost always flee with their tail upright, and take off only when they are practically overtaken by the dog or when at least a small stream, gully or other obstacle is in their way. The pheasant rises from the ground almost always vertically, with a strong flapping of its wings: males - with a cry of “ko-gok! co-hok!”, and the females – with a weak cluck. In our hunting farm, hunting is not practiced when a pheasant is released the day before or on the day of the hunt - this is considered unsportsmanlike (it practically turns out that it is still a poultry). I generally like to shoot a pheasant at the end of the season, when it sheds well and has a beautiful long tail. I love it when a rooster leads a dog - you watch and admire this duel between a cop and a bird. It is no coincidence that many, along with the woodcock, consider the pheasant, especially in strong grounds, one of the most beautiful objects for hunting with a cop.

And in conclusion, one of the cases on the hunt. My friend and I walked along the forest belt, I - on the one hand, he - on the other, and the Count worked in the forest belt itself. And he, of course, did not see what was going on ahead. And there, in a gap in the forest belt, a flock of partridges was sitting about a hundred or fifty meters away. Seeing us from afar, the birds rose and flew away. When after some time we came to this place, my drathaar stood clearly on the counter. I began to explain to him with laughter and irony that they were partridges, they flew away, but the smell remained. He did not respond to my call. Then I stirred with my foot the grass in the place where he was looking to show that it was empty. And, oh horror! From this little patch of grass flew two healthy roosters. Here's a pheasant hunt for you!

Russian hunting magazine, July 2015

Project

"Every hunter wants to know where the pheasant sits"

annotation

There is hardly a person who would not admire the rainbow. This magnificent colorful phenomenon in the sky has long attracted everyone's attention. The rainbow is the most beautiful phenomenon of nature, which cannot but attract the human eye. In ancient times, when people still knew little about the world around them, the rainbow was considered a heavenly sign.

Relevance: Today, not every person can explain the appearance of a rainbow. Admiring this amazing natural phenomenon, a person has a desire to see this beauty more often, so he seeks to create it artificially.

The purpose and objectives of the research work were considered in two directions:

Adult Goal:to develop research skills in a preschool child.

Tasks for an adult:

• motivate the child to activities of a research nature;
• stimulate cognitive interest, creating conditions for the research activities of children.

Goal for the child:find out the reason for the appearance of a rainbow and get a rainbow using a variety of materials at home; fix the sequence of colors of the rainbow.

Tasks for the child:

• find information in various sources about the rainbow
• systematize your knowledge in order to answer the questions: “How is a rainbow formed”, “What are rainbows”, “Is it possible to observe this beauty at home at any time of the year?”

Research methodology:Searching for information, working with Internet resources, using ICT, systematizing information, conducting experiments, conducting creative work.

Hypothesis: A rainbow appears only on a sunny day after rain, when the sun's rays pass through the raindrops. Is it possible to create a rainbow using different materials?

The object of study is a natural phenomenon: rainbow

Subject of study:getting a rainbow at home

RESEARCH PLAN

The rainbow is the most beautiful phenomenon of nature, which cannot but attract the human eye. therefore, many have long been interested in where such a beautiful sight comes from. In ancient times, when people still knew little about the world around them, the rainbow was considered a heavenly sign.

Man associated the rainbow with many beliefs and legends, so in the mythology of ancient Greece, the rainbow was considered the road between the world of the gods and the world of people. The Slavs believed that the rainbow drinks water from rivers, lakes and other bodies of water, and then sheds it in the form of rain on the ground.

But it is precisely with the rain that this magnificent natural phenomenon is connected. After all, a rainbow usually appears either before the rain, or during it, or after it, it all depends on the cloud that moves and gives heavy rainfall.

The rainbow is so beautiful that it is sung in songs, described in literature, legends are made about it.

Relevance: Today, not every person can explain the appearance of a rainbow. Admiring this amazing natural phenomenon, a person has a desire to see this beauty more often, so he seeks to create it artificially.

1.1. The meaning of the word "rainbow"

Among the brightest natural phenomena, the rainbow is one of the most beautiful and people have long thought about its nature. Even Aristotle, the ancient Greek philosopher, tried to explain the cause of the rainbow: “A thunderstorm will pass, and a rainbow flashes in the sky. Sometimes you can see two rainbows at once. The second will be much paler than the first, and the colors in it are in reverse order.

In various dictionaries, the word rainbow is interpreted in different ways.

1. A rainbow is a multi-colored arc in the sky. It is observed when the sun illuminates the curtain of rain, located on the opposite side of the sky from it. It is explained by refraction, reflection of light in raindrops. (Soviet encyclopedic dictionary edited by A.M. Prokhorov)
2. A rainbow is a multi-colored arc-shaped strip on the vault of heaven, formed due to the refraction of sunlight in raindrops. (Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language Ozhegova S.I.)
3. Rainbow - an optical phenomenon in the atmosphere, observed during rain, when the sun's rays are refracted through a veil of raindrops; an arc colored in the colors of the spectrum appears in the sky, and the outer side is red, and the inner side is purple. (According to the Small Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron)
4. Rainbow - the word "rainbow" that has undergone a change, or God's arc (According to the dictionary of V. Dahl)

1.2. Rainbow legends and beliefs

Once upon a time, a person began to wonder why rainbows appear in the sky. Thosetimes they didn’t even hear about optics. Therefore, people invented myths and legends, and there were many signs. Here are some of them.

• In ancient Greek mythology, the rainbow is the road between heaven and earth, along which the messenger between the world of the gods and the world of people, Irida, walked.
• In ancient Indianmythology - onion Indra god of thunder and lightning.
• AT Scandinavian mythology a rainbow is a bridge connecting the world of people and the world of gods;
• In China, it was believed that the rainbow is a heavenly dragon, the union of heaven and earth.
• In the mythology of the Australian aboriginesrainbow serpent considered the patron saint of water, rain andshamans .

• AT Armenian mythology rainbow is a beltThira , originally the god of the Sun, then - the god of writing, arts and sciences.
• In Slavic myths and legends, a rainbow was considered a magical heavenly bridge thrown from heaven to earth, a road along which angels descend from heaven to draw water from rivers. They pour this water into the clouds, and from there it falls as life-giving rain. The Slavic peoples came up with different names for the rainbow: arc, veselka, veselukha, God's bow, belt, beauty, krasulya and many others.

1.3. Where does the rainbow come from?

A rainbow is just the sun's rays refracted in raindrops. When it rains, there are a lot of water droplets in the air. Each drop acts as a tiny prism, and since there are a lot of them, the rainbow turns out to be half the sky. An object that can break down a beam of light into its components is called"prism". If we talk about the rainbow, then the role of the "prism" is played by raindrops. A rainbow is a large curved spectrum or a strip of colored lines formed as a result of the decomposition of a beam of light passing through raindrops.

The outer edge of the arc is usually red, while the inner edge is purple. There are seven colors in the rainbow. To better remember their sequence, people came up with the following phrase: "Every Hunter Wants to Know Where the Pheasant Sits" or "The Mole Sheep, Giraffe, Bunny sewed blue sweatshirts." In these phrases, the initial letter of each word corresponds to the initial letter of the name of a certain color.

Rainbow colors: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, blue, purple.

The type of rainbow, the brightness of the colors, the width of the stripes depend on the size and number of droplets in the air. The larger the raindrops, the brighter the rainbow. If the drops are small, the rainbow seems pale, barely noticeable. Studies have shown that the human eye distinguishes 160 shades of colors. This is because there is no clear boundary between colors, one color passes into another through all shades. The primary colors of the rainbow are red, yellow and blue. From them you can get all the other colors of the rainbow.

We are used to seeing the rainbow as an arc, but it turns out that this arc is only part of a multi-colored circle. The shape of a natural rainbow is determined by the shape of the water droplets in which sunlight is refracted. This atmospheric phenomenon can be fully observed only at high altitude, for example, from an airplane.

Sometimes as many as 2, 3, 4 rainbows are visible in the sky - one of them is very bright, the second is paler. This means that the sun's ray is twice reflected in the drops of water. At the same time, in the other rainbow, the colors of the stripes are arranged in the reverse order - the upper part of the arc is purple, and the lower one is red.

Second rainbows are formed due to the double reflection of sunlight inside raindrops.

1.4 Types of rainbow

1. Winter rainbow

The winter rainbow is a very strange and unusual phenomenon. At a very low air temperature, a cold winter sun shines in a pale blue sky, and tiny ice crystals soar in the air. The ray of the sun passes through these crystals, is refracted, as in a prism, and is reflected in the sky with a beautiful rainbow.

2. For education fiery rainbow you want the sun's rays of light to pass through the cirrus clouds when the sun is about 58 degrees above the horizon. Another indispensable condition is hexagonal ice crystals (of which cirrus clouds are composed), which are leaf-shaped and with their faces should be parallel to the ground. When light passes through the vertical face of such an ice crystal, it is refracted in the same way as if it were passing through a prism. With this scheme, sunlight is refracted and divided into a spectrum, which “ignites” cirrus clouds with all the colors of the rainbow.

3 . Lunar rainbow or night rainbow is the light reflected from the surface of the moon. Rainbows from the Moon are much dimmer than those from the Sun because moonlight is not as bright as sunlight. This is a very rare natural phenomenon. When viewed with the naked eye, such a rainbow may appear colorless, which is why it is often referred to as "white". There are few places on our planet where the phenomenon of night rainbows is repeated often. (South America, Australia)

4. White rainbow (foggy rainbow)

This phenomenon occurs when the sun's rays illuminate a weak fog, consisting of the smallest droplets of water. A white rainbow can be seen when a spotlight beam from behind us illuminates the faint fog in front of us. Even a street lamp can create a white rainbow visible against the dark background of the night sky.

2. Create a creative piggy bank

• Examination of reproductions of paintings by different artists depicting a rainbow;
• Consideration of illustrations in fiction;
• Reading fairy tales and stories;
• Exploring the spectrum of rainbow colors;
• Watching rainbow cartoons.

3. Practical part

3.1. productive activity

* Drawing "Every hunter wants to know where the pheasant sits";

* Plasticineography "Every hunter wants to know where the pheasant is sitting";

* Collective application "Every hunter wants to know where the pheasant is sitting."

3.2. Rainbow experiments at home.

Experiment 1

Equipment: computer disc or DVD

Move: point the light source at the disk. The spectrum of the rainbow will be reflected on the disk.

Experiment 2. "Rainbow Bubble"

Equipment: soap solution (soap bubbles of industrial production)

Move: blow a bubble. A rainbow appeared on the bubble. Light, passing through a soap bubble, is refracted and breaks up into colors, as a result a rainbow appears. Soap bubble is a prism

Experiment 3. "Crystal Rainbow"

Equipment: sheet of paper, crystal glass.

The course of experience. It is necessary to put a crystal glass on a white sheet of paper. Try to catch sunlight with a glass. Colored rainbow stripes will appear on a sheet of paper.

Experiment 4

Equipment: a bowl of water, a bottle of light (transparent) nail polish.

Move: a bowl of water is on the table, where there is no sunlight. Drop a drop of varnish into the water. We observe the surface of the water and see that the varnish forms a thin film on the surface of the water. Turn the bowl towards the light, when the beam falls on the water, iridescent overflows are visible.

Experiment 5

Equipment: mirror, bowl of water.

Move: put a mirror in a bowl of water at a slight angle. Catch a sunbeam with a mirror and direct it to the wall (white cardboard). We turn the mirror until we see the rainbow spectrum. The water in the plate acts as a prism (an object capable of decomposing a beam of light into its components). Upon entering the water, visible light (white) is refracted and becomes the spectrum of the rainbow.

CONCLUSION

After studying the literature, you can find out that the rainbow appears due to physical phenomena called reflection and refraction of light. The refraction and decay of sunlight in water droplets is called a spectrum, and the drops themselves are called a prism. The rainbow can be one arc, it can be double. Most often it can be seen in summer and late spring, less often in winter, at night. The hypothesis was confirmed: a rainbow can be obtained at home, using water prisms, soap bubbles, crystal, varnish and disks.

Research findings.

1. Rainbow is an optical phenomenon.
2. A rainbow can be obtained at home at any time using different methods.
3. A rainbow is an amazing natural phenomenon that causes joy, delight, admiration, so it can improve mood.

So the kids are taught to memorize the colors of the rainbow: everyone is red, the hunter is orange, he wants to be yellow, to know is green, where is blue, he sits is blue, the pheasant is purple.

Every color has a certain meaning, interpretation: some special feelings, traditions, ideas are associated with it.

There are not so many primary colors to not talk about them. At least the most interesting. Anyway, what seems interesting to me.

On the symbolism of color in various cultures, religions and heraldry.

The parade opens...

1. White

Light, luminous in a transparent way, colorless (unlike blue - dark, opaque). Clean as opposed to dirty.

Uncertainty and openness: the heroes of fairy tales want to see, to see the "white light". "White place" represented tax-free land, "white iron" - free from impurities, pure iron.

In divine language, white is the color of divine wisdom. In worldly language, it symbolizes purity, chastity, peace, virginity, light, and since it "does not hide another color", innocence and truth. According to the symbolism adopted by Catholics, it means innocence, joy and simplicity.

In the language of Catholic symbolism, transparent (cristalline) expresses the idea of ​​immaculate purity and clarity.

White magic is magic that uses its power for good, often for healing, or against evil and black magic.

White is most commonly associated with religious rites. Sacred horses in Greece, Rome, the Celts and Germans were white. In some areas of Southeast Asia, white elephants are considered sacred. The expression "white elephant" refers to large and imposing but useless acquisitions and comes from ancient Siam (Thailand). To get rid of an objectionable courtier, the king of Siam gave him a white elephant. The cost of feeding an elephant quickly ruined the courtier.

The white lily stands for purity and is a symbol of the Virgin Mary. The white rose also symbolizes virginity. In the ancient Roman temples of Vesta, the goddess of the hearth and the fire that burned in it, the vestal priestesses who served there took a vow of virginity and wore white robes.

In the Christian church, white clothes were worn at the consecration ceremony of churches. It is the color of baptism and communion, the feasts of Christmas, Easter and Ascension, as well as feasts in honor of saints who are not martyrs.

In the Orthodox Church, it is used in all worship services from Easter to Trinity Day, even at funerals.

The white flag is synonymous with surrender, truce, and in a broader sense, peace and goodwill. This custom is believed to date back to ancient times, when a white scroll or its symbolic representation, a white cloth on a pole, was carried to demonstrate peaceful intentions and thus avoid attack.

It also means blindness and absolute silence. In the East it is the color of mourning. It was believed that if you wear black clothes, then the soul of the deceased will not see anything, hence it follows that white in mourning is light, vision, life (after life). Ghosts, incorporeal beings are usually depicted as whitish.

It also means cowardice. During wartime, in particular World War I, Frenchmen who avoided military service were sometimes given or sent white feathers.

It has been noticed that in cockfights the best fighting qualities are shown by roosters with scarlet and black coloring. They pluck feathers from the tails of their more cowardly white relatives, and these feathers have come to represent cowardice.

In heraldry, silver, called argent (agd), is depicted in black and white images as white.

2. Purple

The thin ashes are thinning.
Purple tapestry.
To us on the waters and on the forests
The skies are falling.

O. Mandelstam

The color of the spiritual worlds, the worlds of creativity. In the symbolism adopted by Catholics, purple is silence or contemplation. Dressed in a purple toga, the angel personified the sacrament of the priesthood.

In the symbolism of early Christianity, it meant humiliation, deep affection and sadness.

3. Blue

The word "blue" comes from "shine", but unlike white, it is a dark, opaque gloomy glow.

As the color of clear sky and sea, it represents both height and depth. It also means constancy, devotion, justice, perfection, reflection and peace. The ancient Egyptians blue was tantamount to truth. According to Hegel, it corresponds to meekness, the expression of a fulfilled mind and spiritual silence.

The Order of the Garter, the highest knightly order awarded by the British Crown (established in 1348 by King Edward III), has a wide dark blue ribbon.

The expression "blue stocking" in relation to a learned lady dates back to the 15th century, when a society of men and women engaged in the study of science gathered in Venice: blue stockings were a distinctive attribute of their costume. Parisian intellectuals adopted this custom in the 1590s. The term originated in England in the 1750s, when a gentleman named Benjamin Stillingfleet began to attend the evenings of the writer and social activist Mrs. Elizabeth Montagu (she was dubbed the Queen of Blues), dressing in blue stockings instead of the then fashionable black silk ones.

Blue symbolizes doubt and depression. Blues (blues, from English blue, - “blue”) is a predominantly melancholic slow-tempo music that appeared in the American South at the end of the 19th century.

In Christian art, blue symbolizes piety, sincerity, and prudence. It was originally accepted for worship, but is currently not required. It is sometimes used in Spain in masses and some other religious services.

In the angelic hierarchy, the cherub, because he is always immersed in pious contemplation, is represented in blue. In Dynamic Dissonance, Louis Danz writes that blue is the most expressive for the Arabs, it is "the color of the material heavens that hold the stars in their places."

In heraldry, blue is called azure (from the Arabic "azure"). Sometimes marked as "az" or marked with horizontal lines.

4. Blue

Father Pavel Florensky considers the symbolism of blue from the position that there are three languages: divine, sacred and mundane.

In divine language, blue is air, azure as a shade of the sky, the Holy Spirit and eternal Divine truth, the heavenly world.

In cosmogonies, the world is created by Divine Wisdom, and therefore God the Creator is always blue. Vishnu was born from blue. Krishna is depicted with a blue body. Also, like the Supreme deity of Egypt, Knef.

Amun, the divine word of the Egyptians, was represented as blue, and as such he is represented in Egyptian drawings. This color was associated with Zeus (Jupiter) and Hera (Juno) - the Greek and Roman deities of the heavens, who were believed to live above the clouds. Agni, the god of fire, sat on a red-horned blue ram.

In Exodus, blue, like the tone of a cloudless sky, symbolizes revelation. According to the book Numbers, the Israelites were commanded to have a blue border around the edges of their dresses to remind them of God.

In sacred language, it becomes a symbol of immortality, which means human, physical death, sadness and mourning. Blue robes were worn by priests during Great Lent, in China and other countries of the East it is the color of the dead, in Egyptian burial grounds there are a large number of figurines of blue tones.

Azure represents rebirth, the spiritual education of man. Means the baptism of the Holy Spirit.

In worldly language, blue is equivalent to fidelity. Blue scarabs adorned the rings of Egyptian warriors. The angel in the sacrament of marriage was depicted in blue robes, meaning trust and fidelity.

According to Goethe, this is the thinnest darkness. He always brings the dark with him.

Symbolizes valor and superiority. The Blue Ribbon is given for excellence in a wide variety of fields: the Blue Ribbon of the Atlantic is awarded to the passenger liner that crossed the ocean the fastest in both directions (owned by the Queen Mary in 1935-1952, since 1952 owned by the United States) ). Similarly, the "Cordon bleu" ("Blue Ribbon") was once the highest award of knighthood in France, the ancient Order of St Esprit (Holy Spirit).

Blue is associated with royalty and nobility of origin. The expression "blue blood" for people of high birth comes from the belief that the veins of Spanish aristocrats are "more blue" than those of "mixed" marriages. Similarly, "true blue" emphasizes devotion, perhaps because it was believed that only a person of aristocratic origin could show true devotion.

For a newborn boy, they usually buy blue ribbons and a stroller, blue color suits and its shades.

In the modern world, homosexuals are called "gay".

5. Green

The color of spring, new growth, fertility, nature, joy. Green very often marks continuity and even immortality, when, for example, we say "evergreen". In the symbolism of Catholic art, green was the color of hope, imperishable youth, contemplative life. The angel in the sacrament of blessing (chrismation) was depicted in a green robe.

In cosmogonic symbolism, green indicates the world that is born in the bosom of primeval waters, and the first degree of initiation: baptism with water. A mixture of blue and yellow, green is a mystical color that links the natural and the supernatural.

Green - abundance, prosperity, stability, because it is not for nothing that many states have chosen green shades for their money. But, on the other hand, green means a lack of money. In some European countries, bankrupts were required to wear a green hat.

At sea, a green flag signals a shipwreck. On the ground, this signal often means "Movement is allowed"; as a road signal, green - “The way is clear”, yellow or amber say: “Attention! ", and red -" Stop! ". This value was standardized in Britain in 1893. Before that, green served as a warning, white allowed movement, and red forbade.

Green is a sign of decay and mold. Osiris, the god of dying and resurrecting nature, the patron and judge of the dead, was depicted as green. In folklore, it is the color of elves, hence the color of disobedience and leprosy. It also symbolizes envy and jealousy. As a symbol of youth, green is tantamount to immaturity, immaturity, inexperience, naivety.

In Christian churches, green is prescribed for worship in the period between Epiphany and Trinity. Green is sacred in Islam.

Green is usually placed on national flags to emphasize the role of agriculture or the abundance of forests.

In heraldry, green is called "vert" (abbreviation "vt"). With a monochrome image of the coat of arms, it was drawn in diagonal lines from the upper left corner to the lower right.

6. Yellow

The color of the sun and summer. In alchemy, gold was considered to be solidified sunlight.

It symbolizes glory and Divine power (in connection with the "solar" associations: light, warmth, power), the revelation of God's love and wisdom.

In the triad of solar colors, yellow corresponds to the mind. It is a revitalizing and cleansing color. In Greek mythology - an attribute of Apollo, the sun god, as well as the sacred color of Zeus, the ruler of the earth and heaven.

In China, the color of saffron is the color of the emperor: during the Qing Dynasty, the last ruling dynasty (1644-1911), only the emperor was allowed to wear yellow. It is also the shade of the hats of Taoist monks.

In India, the newlywed covers her hands with yellow to signify the happiness of union she is waiting for. According to Goethe, yellow is closest to light, the first manifestation of light in matter.

In the symbolism of early Christianity, yellow (gold) means glory, fertility, kindness. It matches the earth.

It also has the opposite interpretation - as the color of betrayal, jealousy, lies and cowardice. According to the symbolism adopted by Catholics - a test of suffering or envy. In ecclesiastical art, Cain and Judas Iscariot were usually depicted with yellow beards. In some Christian countries, Jews were depicted wearing yellow robes because they "betrayed Jesus."

During World War II, in countries occupied by the Nazis, Jews were ordered to wear armbands with a yellow star, "armbands of shame". In medieval Europe until the 16th century, in some places the doors of the houses of criminals and traitors were smeared with yellow paint.

Heretics condemned by the Spanish Inquisition were burned dressed in yellow as a sign that they had betrayed God. Cowards were called "yellow-bellied", because it was believed that the liver of a coward is devoid of blood and has a yellow (or white) color.

Also - the color of the disease.

In the International Signal System, yellow stands for the letter Q. Upon arrival at a port in a foreign country, this flag is raised to convey the message: “Everyone on my ship is healthy, and I ask you to release me from quarantine” (quarantine is provided for by international health regulations).

Yellow is an internationally recognized color used for security measures - rescue helicopters are painted in it, and in some countries, fire equipment, formerly red. In the rules of the road, yellow serves as a warning signal, in football a yellow card represents a "warning".

The term "yellow press" and "yellow journalist" are used in relation to those who supply distorted information and sensationalism to increase the circulation of their publications. In China, "yellow literature" and "yellow films" are called pornographic products, but, on the other hand, according to the Book of Chinese Characters, a "yellow woman" is a woman who retains her virginity.

In heraldry, yellow denotes gold, which is called "or", on a non-color image it is marked with dots.

7. Pink

Pink is the color of a love affair
and a friend told me
that only the girl in the pink dress is sure
will be invited to every dance.

A. K. Hottes

This is a skin color, a shade of sensitivity, and, according to experts, is one of the tones that cause the greatest appetite.

During World War II, in Nazi-occupied countries, gay men were required to wear a pink triangle headband. The pink, and sometimes the pink triangle, has since been used by organizations such as Pride of the Blues.

8. Red

In Russian, red and beautiful are words with the same root. Because Red Square is a beautiful square, a red maiden is a beauty.

Red is associated with light, with fire: our ancestors called the solstice "kres", and the verb "kres" had the meaning of "cut down the fire."

As the color of love goes back to fire, which brings warmth. The heart emblem can be seen on greeting cards, in slogans such as "I love ...", where the word "love" is replaced with a heart, and the heart is depicted in red paint (environmental organizations paint the heart green in slogans such as: "I love nature that is not polluted with lead" ).

The most aggressive, associated with living flowing blood. This is fire, feelings, war, sacrifice, revolution, strength, courage, suffering, power, justice. Primitive man sprinkled blood on any object that he wanted to bring back to life. In the divine language of symbols, red is Divine love.

In the Far East, it is the color of joy and wealth.

The red gates in China denoted the houses of the ranks of the first degree, noble and wealthy people. In marriage ceremonies, it prevails on all objects surrounding the bride and groom. When evaluating essays, successful places are circled in red. In Mongolia, Korea, scarlet dots are sewn on New Year's outfits as amulets.

As a color that symbolizes blood, red has often been used for military purposes for many centuries. For example, when Roman generals won a victory, they painted their faces crimson in honor of Mars, the god of war. In the British Navy, the red flag as a "challenge to battle" has existed since the 17th century.

For the last two centuries it has been the color of anarchy.

The red flag is the banner of international socialism and the left wing in politics in general. The flag was used by the Communards of the Paris Commune of 1871. In Russia, during the uprising of 1905 and the October Revolution of 1917, the symbols of the French Revolution were adopted, including the color red. The army of the revolution was called the "Red Army", those who supported the revolution were called the "Reds".

In medieval Christian art, it was considered the color of mercy, Divine love. Seraphim, who occupy the highest position in the hierarchy of angels, are located above all to God and “are in the Divine heat”, are usually depicted in red.

It serves as the color of worship during Holy Week, Palm Sunday and during the Crusade movement (September 14). In the "Seven Sacraments" by Roger von der Weigen, the Angel of the sacrament of repentance is depicted in a fiery tunic. On the day of the Holy Trinity, he served as the personification of the Holy Spirit, who descended from heaven like flames. It also recalls the martyrs who shed their blood for their faith.

Expressions:

- "red day of the calendar" comes from the custom to mark church holidays and dates in red ink.

- "red" in the sense of "to debit", comes from the past habit of bank employees to write down losses in red ink.

- "red thread" comes from the rule that existed in the 17th century to tie official legal or government papers with a red ribbon.

Red hair is often associated with a hot temperament. It is also the color of magic, as fairy hats are always red. It is commonly used for danger warning and as a stop signal.

Red - shame and dishonor. Mark Twain wrote that man is "the only creature that blushes, or at least should blush."

In Puritan New England in the 17th and 18th centuries, women caught in illicit sex were required to wear a red "A" on their dresses. He also defined "moths of the night", recalling that John in "Revelation" (17:1-6) saw a harlot in scarlet "... sitting on a scarlet beast, full of blasphemous names ... drunk with the blood of the saints."

The area where the brothels are located is called the “red light district”, since such lanterns used to hang in front of such establishments.

In the heraldic language, it is designated as “use” (abbreviated as di). With a black and white drawing, it is indicated by vertical lines.

9. Purple

It testifies to power, glory, honor, greatness, power.

As a combination of red and blue, it symbolizes the union of love and truthfulness. Because purple was the most expensive dye, purple represented gold. Among the ancient Romans and Greeks, only emperors, kings, generals, and judges wore purple togas. Since then, purple has been associated with the throne and power. The expression "born in purple" in relation to all those who belong to the upper class dates back to the days of the Byzantine Empire, where there was a rule that the future emperor should only be born in a room with purple curtains on the walls.

The literary term "purple prose" is used in relation to writings that are too intricate and pretentious. This saying was first used by the Roman poet Horace in The Science of Poetry, written around 20 BC.

In Christian churches, purple is absolution, repentance, sorrow and mourning. Purple-colored toilets are worn during Lent for ceremonies associated with the "torments of the cross".

In heraldry, purple, called "purple", is indicated on black and white by diagonal lines from the upper right edge to the lower left.

10. Gray

In the symbolism adopted by Catholics, brown or gray meant humility. A gray mouse, grayness is a symbol of an inconspicuous, not talented person.

11. Black

Night, death, decay, sin, evil and destructive forces, silence and emptiness. Since black absorbs all other colors, it expresses denial and despair, is opposed to white, denotes a negative beginning. Symbol of otherworldliness, infernality.

Black and dark blue were symbols of the attributes of God and the rebirth of man (risen from the dust). Saturn, Osiris, Knef-Ammon, Krishna, Buddha were depicted in this color.

The opposition of black and blue - night and day - represents the struggle of life and death, the activity of the spirit and the activity of the body, in the material state this struggle is symbolized by time. Saturn is the symbol of time. The temple and the statue of Mercury were of blue stone. One of the hands of this God was white, the other was black.

In Chinese philosophy, it is Yin, water.

In the Apocalypse, a black horse is a symbol of hunger.

According to Catholic symbolism, black is the color of sorrow, death or peace.

Black was one of the five colors prescribed in 1200 by the 176th Pope Innocent III to represent the seasons in the Christian calendar. Black was used in masses for the dead at services on Good Friday. Recently, the church has taken into account national characteristics (for example, black in Japan means joy), and the use of black has ceased to be mandatory. In medieval art, it symbolized repentance.

As the color of death, it was a symbol of the rejection of worldly fuss, giving oneself into spiritual service. This is the color of the vestments of monks - both Orthodox and Buddhist.

Black as the color of night and earth is a symbol of the origin of all life, and therefore a symbol of alchemy as a spiritual Work. Corresponding to rot in alchemy, the emblem of this color and process is the raven.

As a sign of death, black was used by many: it was on the flag of anarchists, on the flags of pirates.

In a British court, when pronouncing the death sentence, the judge tore squares of black matter.

The bubonic plague, which in 1348 killed almost 25 million people in Europe alone, was called the "black death" because the body of the plague-stricken person turned black.

The secret sciences that witches and sorcerers practiced, and all others who dealt with the “prince of darkness” (the devil), were called “black magic” (in this case, “connected with the devil”).

In heraldry, black is called mourning. On the coat of arms, it is marked with the letters "s" or "sa", or the lower part of the design is shaded with horizontal or vertical lines, and when printed it is covered with solid black.

In order to remember some meaningless sequence or composition of something, people have long used mnemonic phrases or memos. So I decided to compile a complete list of such phrases. So:

1. To every O hotnik F does W nat, G de With goes F azan(the first letters correspond to the colors of the spectrum).
   Another variant: "How Once Jacques the City Ringer Broke a Lantern".


2. What do I know about circles(the number of letters in each word corresponds to the value of the number "Pi" - 3.1416).
   Another variant: "I know this and remember it perfectly -" pi "many signs are superfluous to me, in vain"(respectively 3.14159265358).
   And here is the pre-revolutionary phrase: "Whoever, jokingly and soon wishes Pi to know the number, already knows" (3,1415926536).


3. OVAL- a hint for remembering the four largest rivers in Russia - O bi, AT olgi, BUT mura and L ene.


4. In St. Petersburg, behind the Vitebsk railway station, there are a number of parallel streets - Ruzovskaya, Mozhaiskaya, Vereiskaya, Podolskaya, Serpukhovskaya, Bronnitskaya and Bataysky lane. It is impossible to remember their order if you do not use the taxi driver's code phrase: "Once ve can but ver it under scrap ser dzu bro butcher ba Lerins?"
   And here are some more phrases invented by taxi drivers:
   
   
   • “Squirrel Will Just Dry the Loaf” (Bel city, Bud Apeshtskaya, boo arrest, Etc azhskaya and With office).
   
   
   • Prospectuses - Science, Severny, Lunacharsky, Enlightenment, Suzdal gave rise to an unforgettable phrase: “On the North e Lun a pros then Suz silt”.
   
   
   • Prospects of Culture, Rudnev, Artists, Yesenin, Engels - “Every Innovator Wants to Experiment Daily”.


5. In order for children to be able to remember the sequence of Latin letters on the chessboard (ABCDEFGH), the phrase is used: "To the artist Bim Tsirkul Dash, His Surname is Zhe-Ash."


6. "Ivan gave birth to a girl, ordered to drag the diaper" phrase for memorizing Russian cases.
   Another variant: "Ivan Rodionovich Let me smoke your pipe."


7. Memo for the number "e" up to the 15th decimal place (e = 2.718281828459045...)
   Two commas seven miles is not a hook (2,7) + two Leo Tolstoy(Year of birth of Tolstoy 1828) + rectangular isosceles(the angles of an isosceles right triangle are 45, 90, 45).


8. "The gypsy stood up on his tiptoes and clicked at the chicken: Chick!" a phrase for memorizing words, where after "c" is written "s".


9. And here is an old rhyme for remembering where instead of "e" it was necessary to write "yat":
   B (e) ly, bl (e) bottom, b (e) bottom b (e) s
   Ub (e) sting b (e) money in l (e) s,
   L (e) shim by l (e) su he b (e) gal,
   R (e) dkoy with xp (e) nom poob (e) gave ...


10. The average speed of thermal motion of a particle v=sqrt(3kT/m) is stored as "three cats for meat"(m is the mass of the Brownian particle, v is its velocity, k is the Boltzmann constant, T is the temperature, sqrt is the square root).


11. Phrase "One shaved Englishman chewed dates like carrots" helps astronomers remember the spectral classes of stars in order from hot to cold (O, B, A, F, G, K, M).
    English version: "O Be A Fine Girl, Kiss Me", because then the classes R, N and S were added, then the phrase turned into "O Be A Fine Girl, Kiss Me Right Now... Smack".

What mnemonic phrases do you know? Complement!

P.S. And finally, an old tale about party mnemonics:
Even under Soviet rule, in one of the military schools at lectures on the History of the CPSU, the colonel-lecturer dictated a mnemonic rule for remembering the composition of the first Marxist group in Russia: "Plekhanov, Ignatov, Zasulich, Deutsch, Axelrod - take the first letters of the surnames, add up and for life remember what happened."

The colors are terribly tired today:
They painted rainbows in the sky.


You'll love the colors!

Having mastered the basic colors and their shades, you can move on to the colors of the rainbow. In order, these colors sound like this - red, orange, yellow, green, blue, blue, purple.
This knowledge will definitely come in handy for the child sooner or later, so do not miss this moment when making a lesson plan with the baby.
Remembering the colors of the rainbow is not difficult at all.
It is enough to learn one or more mnemonic phrases:

Every Hunter Wants to Know Where the Pheasant Sits
How Once Jacques the Bell Ringer Broke a Lantern with His Head
Every Decorator Wants to Know Where to Download Photoshop
Cat Donkey Giraffe Bunny Blue Tied Sweatshirts

The first letter of each word in this phrase corresponds to the first letter in the color name.

Rainbow Poems:

(S. Marshak)
Spring sun with rain
Building a rainbow together
- Seven-color semicircle
Of the seven wide arcs.
No sun and no rain
Not a single nail
And built in two counts
Celestial Gate.
rainbow arch
blazed brightly,
Decorated the grass
Bloomed blue.
A rainbow sparkles.
Meadows are visible through it.
And beyond the farthest meadow -
A field plowed with a plow.
And beyond the field through the fog -
Only sea-ocean,
Only the sea is blue
With white foam of the surf.
Here from the rainbow gate
A round dance comes to us,
Runs out from under the arch
Brings gifts to the whole earth.
And something is not here!
First leaf and first color
The first mushroom and the first thunder
Rain glittering with silver
The days are growing and the nights are
Whatever the day, it is shorter.
Hey guys hurry up
Get out, out the door
To fields, forests and parks
Receive your gifts!
Hurry up, hurry up
Run out the door
Barefoot on the grass
Walking straight into the sky.
Okay!
Okay!
By the rainbow
By the rainbow
By color arc
On one leg
Riding down the rainbow -
And somersault to the ground!

The colors are terribly tired today:
They painted rainbows in the sky.
Long worked on the rainbow of paint,
The rainbow came out beautiful, like in a fairy tale.
All multi-colored - that's beauty!
You admire what colors:

Red
Red radish grew in the garden,
Next to the tomatoes are red guys.
Red tulips stand on the window
Red banners outside the window are burning.

Orange
orange fox
All night the carrot dreams -
Looks like a fox tail
Orange too.

Yellow
The yellow sun looks down on the earth
A yellow sunflower follows the sun.
Yellow pears hang on branches.
Yellow leaves are flying from the trees.

Green
We grow green onions
And green cucumbers
And outside the window is a green meadow
And whitewashed houses.
With a green roof every house,
And a cheerful gnome lives in it
In new green trousers
From maple leaves.

Blue
My doll has blue eyes
And the sky above us is still doves.
It is blue like a thousand eyes.
We look at the sky, and the sky looks at us.

Blue
Island in the blue sea
The way to the island is far.
And a flower grows on it -
Blue-blue cornflower.

Violet
Violet violet tired of living in the forest.
I'll pick it up and bring it to my mother on her birthday.
She will live with purple lilac
On the table in a beautiful vase near the window.

(K. Chukovsky)
rainbow arc,
Don't let it rain
Come on sunshine
Bell tower.
So run after me
To green meadows
Where over the blue river
A rainbow has risen.
We'll climb the rainbow
Let's play in the clouds and from there down the rainbow on a sleigh, on skates.

The sequence of colors that a person sees in a rainbow are the colors of the optical spectrum, from red - the light with the longest wavelength, to violet - the shortest wavelength of the spectrum visible to the human eye. That is why the top color is red and the bottom color is purple. In fact, the rainbow is a huge number of transitions from one shade to another, but a person sees only seven primary colors.

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