Variety of arachnids - presentation. The variety of arachnids and their importance in nature and human life, scorpion species are dangerous to humans

"Class arachnids in biology" - The internal structure of the spider. Primitive arachnids were trilobites - marine arthropods. Lesson objectives: A variety of spiders. Arachnids are the most ancient terrestrial arthropods. Variety of mites. Scorpions are the oldest living arachnids. General characteristics and external structure of arthropods:

"Biology Arthropods" - The structure of cancer. Body structure of crustaceans. The limbs of arthropods consist of movably connected segments. The body segments are surrounded by four chitinous plates. Daphnia. Habitat - water, air, ground, soil. The body is divided into cephalothorax and abdomen or head, thorax and abdomen.

"Class Crustaceans" - The class of arachnids also includes ticks, scorpions, haymakers. Variety of crustaceans. Class Crustaceans - Crustacea. Sizes from 2 to 5 mm. They move in colonies along the Kamchatka Peninsula at 5-6 km per day. On our Far Eastern vessels, during the year of navigation, it grows up to 10-12 kg per 1 sq. m bottom. But many spiders don't build webs at all and simply ambush their prey.

"Type of arthropods" - Sea acorns. Mokritsa. At the lower end of the abdomen are 3 pairs of arachnoid warts. Carolina spider. Class Insects. Detachment Haymakers. Arachnids. The external structure of crayfish. Detachment Coleoptera. The phylum Arthropoda has over 1.5 million species. Black widow spiders. The external structure of an insect.

"Crustaceans" - The excretory system is represented by a pair of green glands (kidneys), modified coelomoducts. Development is both direct and with metamorphosis, complete or incomplete. Arthropods are bilaterally symmetrical protostomes. What parts of the body formed in arthropods? On the other three - a pair of upper jaws and two pairs of lower jaws.

"Spiders" - Conclusions: About 20 thousand species are known, they are widely distributed. Distributed mainly in deserts, semi-deserts, steppes. Most live on land, some are aquatic. There are four eyes on the back. Rostov, 2008 Distributed everywhere. The South Russian tarantula is found in the south of the European part of Russia; female length up to 3.5 cm.

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Class Arachnids Arachnida (lat. Arachnida) - a class of arthropods from the subtype of chelicera (Chelicerata). The most famous representatives: spiders, scorpions, ticks. The author of the presentation is Arkhipova T.S.

Arachnids, like insects, live everywhere. They are distributed up to 80 ° N. sh., to the high-altitude limit of life in the mountains and are found even in the air, thousands of meters above the ground, where they are carried by the wind along with pieces of cobwebs. The science of arachnids is called arachnology.

The cephalothorax bears 6 pairs of appendages: 4 pairs of legs; a pair of pedipalps, which most arachnids use as tentacles or pincers; and a pair of chelicerae playing the role of grasping jaws (there are no chewing structures). There are no antennas. The eyes are always simple. In representatives of some groups, such as scorpions, the abdomen is elongated into a long tail. Distinctive features of the structure.

The internal structure of the spider

According to its characteristics, the web is a unique material. It is five times stronger and seven times lighter than steel. The web can be stretched by 15%, and it will return to its original shape. Not a single artificial polymer can boast of such properties.

All arachnids, with the exception of some mites, are carnivorous, usually eating insects and other small animals, which they usually catch alive. Only the liquid tissues of the prey are sucked out (external digestion), no solid particles are swallowed. Most arachnids are armed with venom glands, although only a few are dangerous to humans.

Most arachnids destroy flies, which is of great benefit to humans. Many types of soil mites are involved in soil formation. Many species of birds feed on spiders. The meaning of arachnids

Scabies cause great harm. They can get into the skin of animals and humans, gnawing passages in it. In humans, they usually settle between the fingers. The most dangerous disease spread by blood-sucking ticks is taiga encephalitis. The carrier of its pathogens is the taiga tick.

There are many arachnids that cause great damage to human health and the number of commercial domestic animals. Of the spiders, the karakurt living in Central Asia, the Caucasus and the Crimea is especially dangerous. Horses and camels often die from its poison. Dangerous for humans and scorpion venom. The bite site turns red and swells, nausea and convulsions appear. Only a doctor can provide the necessary assistance to the victim.

http://img-fotki.yandex.ru/get/4410/83045565.26/0_67565_84e092e2_XL http://img142.imageshack.us/img239/4205/ascorp8qq.jpg http://im4-tub-ru.yandex.net/ i?id=295438985-15-72&n=21 http://friends.kz/2008/01/23/biologicheskaja-stal.html http://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/enc_colier/3999/ ARCHINA http://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/enc_colier/3999/ :// www.fauna-dv.ru/refer/klass%20paukoobraznye.htm http:// im0-tub-ru.yandex.net/i?id=504443661-55-72&n=21 http:// im4-tub -ru.yandex.net/i?id=303127048-53-72&n=21 http://www.peremeny.ru/books/osminog/239

Common signs of arachnids: 1-lack of antennae, 2-four pairs of walking legs, 3-tracheal or pulmonary respiration, 4-permanent perioral appendages upper tentacles and leg tentacles. 5-On the cephalothorax are located from 12-6 pairs of simple eyes, mouth organs and limbs (walking legs). The most common are spiders and mites. Common signs of arachnids: 1-lack of antennae, 2-four pairs of walking legs, 3-tracheal or pulmonary respiration, 4-permanent perioral appendages upper tentacles and leg tentacles. 5-On the cephalothorax are located from 12-6 pairs of simple eyes, mouth organs and limbs (walking legs). The most common are spiders and mites.

Spider warts are the organs of spiders located on the abdomen. They are mobile paired outgrowths of the organs of spiders (from one to four pairs), often with a jointed structure. The main function of arachnoid warts is the formation of an arachnoid fiber: as a rule, ducts of the arachnoid glandular arachnoid fiber open on their tops. Spider warts are the organs of spiders located on the abdomen. They are mobile paired outgrowths of the organs of spiders (from one to four pairs), often with a jointed structure. The main function of arachnoid warts is the formation of arachnoid fiber: as a rule, ducts of arachnoid glandular arachnoid fibers open on their tops. By chemical nature, it is a protein similar in composition to insect silk. Representatives of a number of groups of arachnids (spiders, scorpions, some mites) are able to secrete the web. Protein silk of arachnids, spiders, scorpions, mites By its chemical nature, it is a protein similar in composition to insect silk. Representatives of a number of groups of arachnids (spiders, scorpions, some mites) can secrete the web. Silk silk of arachnids spiders scorpions mites Options for using the web: creating egg cocoons, spermatophores, trapping nets and shelters for a while or adverse conditions Options for using the web: creating egg cocoons, spermatophores, trapping nets and shelters on time or adverse conditions

The body of a scorpion consists of a small cephalothorax or a long abdomen. The entire body of a scorpion is covered with a chitinous shell. Sizes from 13mm to 20cm. There are 750 species, 50 of which are poisonous. The cephalothorax of chitinous The body of a scorpion consists of a small cephalothorax or a long abdomen. The entire body of a scorpion is covered with a chitinous shell. Sizes from 13mm to 20cm. There are 750 species, 50 of them are poisonous. Cephalothorax-chitinous On the ventral side of the body, five pairs of limbs are attached to the cephalothorax, of which the two front pairs play the role of jaw organs, while the remaining three pairs serve for locomotion. The first pair of limbs of the chelicera is located above the mouth opening and corresponds in its position to the first pair of antennae. Chelicerae look like small 3-segmented pairs of claws and serve to grind food. The limbs of the second pair of pedipalps consist of six segments. The last two form large claws, with the help of which the scorpion captures prey. chelicerae of claw antennas of pedipalps On the ventral side of the body, five pairs of limbs are attached to the cephalothorax, of which the two front pairs play the role of jaw organs, while the remaining three pairs serve for movement. The first pair of limbs of the chelicera is located above the mouth opening and corresponds in its position to the first pair of antennae. Chelicerae look like small 3-segmented pairs of claws and serve to grind food. The limbs of the second pair of pedipalps consist of six segments. The last two form large claws, with the help of which the scorpion captures prey.

The length of the pliers is usually 0.20.4 mm, very rarely it can reach 3 mm. TorsoThe torso is whole or divided into two parts that do not correspond to the cephalothorax and abdomen of spiders. There are usually 6 pairs of appendages, of which 4 pairs are posterior in most leg adults (the larvae are usually six-legged). Leg segments: coxa, trochanter, femur, knee, tibia and tarsus. The tarsus (terminal segment) is usually armed with claws and stalked suckers. The length of the pliers is usually 0.20.4 mm, very rarely it can reach 3 mm. TorsoThe torso is whole or divided into two parts that do not correspond to the cephalothorax and abdomen of spiders. There are usually 6 pairs of appendages, of which 4 pairs are posterior in most leg adults (the larvae are usually six-legged). Leg segments: coxa, trochanter, femur, knee, tibia and tarsus. The tarsus (terminal segment) is usually armed with claws and stalked suckers.

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Main didactic goal: creation of conditions for understanding and comprehending new educational information.

Tasks:

• Educational: to repeat the features of the structure and life of arachnids, as the first terrestrial animals, and the features of the complication of organization in connection with land access, to form knowledge about the diversity and significance of arachnids in nature and human life;
• Educational: continue to form the ecological culture of students and personal hygiene skills; to form the cognitive interest of students; the desire to independently seek knowledge; develop creative thinking; to cultivate a tolerant attitude towards arachnids, as representatives of life on Earth;
• Educational: develop students' attention and observation; logical thinking, the ability to establish cause-and-effect relationships, continue the formation of skills to work with additional sources of information, highlight the main thing, generalize, draw conclusions.

Core technologies: personal-activity training; technology for the development of critical thinking; methods of problem-dialogical learning (leading or inducing dialogue); technology of formation of communicative actions; active reflective activity; ICT.

Results:

Equipment: media projector, computer, interactive whiteboard, presentation for the lesson, collections of arachnids.

DURING THE CLASSES

I. Organizational moment

Greeting, message of the topic and tasks of the lesson.

II. Testing knowledge, skills and abilities.

III. Learning new material

1. Student's message. What does the science of Arachnology study?

The Latin name for arachnids comes from the Greek ?????? "spider" (there is a legend about Arachne, which the goddess Athena turned into a spider).

Greek legend

In those distant times, Arachne lived in Lydia - the daughter of the purple dyer Idmin. She was famous for the fact that she had no equal in the art of weaving patterned fabrics and weaving carpets. Soon Arachne imagined herself equal to the gods, equal to the sun (slide number 2)

Hey Pallas...
I predict, and what was said will soon come true,
Soon I will weave a carpet, which was not in the world,
And your skill cannot be compared with mine, O Athena,
I have no equal, neither on the sinful Earth, nor in the cloudless heights,
There is only one craftswoman in this world, and that is Arachne!

Arachne wove cloth no worse than Athena. But she, in punishment for the audacity to compete with the gods, did not recognize her merits and punished Arachne for pride and vanity.

Damn you, you spin a web for a century,
Be the ugly Arachne that people
They will persecute and persecute always and forever
They will be afraid of you, and crush, and tear the web.
And your skill, of which you were so proud,
May it remain with you in consolation forever with you:
You will sit in the corner and weave a web forever.

Therefore, the science of spiders - Arachnology. Today, experts who are well versed in the diversity of these animals speak at the lesson.
The class "Arachnids" includes over 70 thousand species of animals living in areas with a humid climate. In arid areas, they live mainly in the soil or litter, where air humidity is high. Arachnids are the first terrestrial arthropods to conquer land. The Arachnida class includes several orders, among which the most famous are Scorpions, Spiders, Ticks and Haymakers (Slide No. 3)
The guys prepared messages with presentations about the classes of arachnids.

Speaker plan:

1. Features of the structure and life.
2. Variety.
3. Presence of representatives in the Kemerovo region.
4. The role of animals in nature.
4. Significance for a person.

According to the same plan, the rest of the students enter brief information in a notebook.
The sequence of speeches is determined by the teacher. It is important to keep track of time so as not to go beyond the lesson and limit the performance of the guys.

2. Performances by groups of students with a presentation(Appendix 2 )

Spider Squad. Information about the characteristics of the representatives of the detachment is told by the first student. (Slide number 4)

The next student explains why and how spiders build a web. (Slide number 5) Then there are messages about the diversity of the representatives of the detachment. (Slides №№6,7) haymakers- the second detachment of arachnids studied in the lesson. (Slide number 8)

Scorpion Squad.(Slides ##9, 10)

Squad Ticks.(Slides №№11,12)

Particular attention should be paid to the prevention of tick-borne encephalitis and methods for removing ticks (Slides No. 13,14)

IV. Anchoring

Each student is invited to name one of the features of the structure, life activity or variety of arachnids. The guys answer "in a chain." The main rule of such fixing is not to break the chain.

expedient at the stage of consolidation conduct quiz. At this stage, the guys who did not prepare the presentation can prove themselves. ( Annex 3 )

To fix the material, you can use problem questions:

1) Arachnids are animals that have mastered land in the course of evolution, thanks to which adaptations they occupy different environments of life;
2) What are the diverse groups of these animals?
3) Why is there a small number of arachnid species in Siberia, where we live?

V. Reflection

What difficulties did you encounter while studying the material?
– How did you deal with them?

Summarizing. Grading.

VI. Homework.(Slide number 19)

Repeat the features of the external and internal structure of arachnids.
Study the text of the textbook "The diversity and role of arachnids in nature and human life"

Used Books:

1. Dudkina O.P. Biology. Detailed thematic planning according to the program of N.I. Sonina, A.A. Pleshakova, V.B. Zakharov grades 6–11. - Volgograd. "Teacher", 2011.
2. Paldyaeva G.M. Biology. Work programs. 5-9 grades. - M .: "Drofa", 2013.
3. Sementsova V.N. Biology. Technological maps of lessons. Grade 7. Methodical manual - St. Petersburg "Parity", 2003.
4. Sonin N.I., V.B. Zakharov Textbook-navigator Biology. variety of living organisms. Part 1 Prokaryotes. Mushrooms. Plants. Viruses 7th class. - M .: "Drofa", 2009.
5. www.protema.ru/didactics/forms-of-learning/item/121-urok-ekskursiya