The range of colors that a person uses is limitless. But the main colors of the spectrum: blue, yellow, red. They exist on their own and do not contain other pigments. By mixing them in different proportions, you can get the tone we need. If the ratio of tones is the same, one color is obtained, but if the proportions are changed, a completely different color is obtained.

Green is also a derivative of the basic colors. By mixing yellow + blue, we get green. Add scarlet to it - we get a bright brown.

The colors that are present in the rainbow are called chromatic. They absorb and reflect light waves of various wavelengths. The waves that are reflected from the object, we perceive as its color. For example, a leaf of a tree absorbs all tones except green. It reflects green and we see it as such.

Black, white, gray are achromatic. The dark color eats up the waves completely, and the snow-white displays them.

All existing shades interact with each other, which leads to such diversity in our beautiful world.

Primary and secondary colors

How to make a color wheel

The color wheel is a tool on which you can visually build all the essential color schemes. Colorists, artists and designers need a color mixing chart and a color wheel to work with. He can help the child with the first acquaintance with flowers, and also explain how to combine gouache or plasticine yourself, getting something new.

You can create such a combination tool yourself:

Using a compass, draw a circle of the desired radius on paper. Without a compass, you can also circle any round object without going beyond the boundaries of the sheet. Step back from the main circle and draw another circle inside, half the size of the first one. Next, draw an equilateral triangle in the inner circle. Divide the triangle into three parts by drawing perpendiculars from the middle of each side to the center.

On the inner circle, put points opposite all perpendiculars, connect them together with the vertices of the triangle. Between the circles, draw 12 equal sectors. Take three basic tones: blue, yellow, red. They will fill the internal sectors of the triangle and the sectors that are in contact with its vertices. To fill the circle, it is better to use gouache.

To fill in the rest, simply mix the gouache in equal proportions and fill in the part of the circle located between them, as well as the sector opposite. At this stage, you will paint over the sectors one by one. Next, we take the pigment of the first order (the top of the triangle) and the pigment of the second order (the top of the hexagon) - we fill the sector between them.

Your tool is ready!

In addition to the main ones, there are additional colors, when mixed together, we create black, white or gray. In the color wheel, they are located in opposite sectors: green + yellow, orange + blue, purple + yellow.

Creating the most unusual shades

How to mix paints to produce a particular color

The formation of all kinds of shades of one color scheme is a whole science. Sometimes it's not easy to get accurate results. By adding black, white or gray to the main pigment we can get different results. You can also vary the proportions of mixed colors.

Often this process takes a long time if there is no proper preparation. It is especially difficult to work with selection for an already painted part. A colorist who does not have a prescription can independently obtain a suitable shade. An important role is played by the light in the room where the work takes place. It is better to prepare the necessary conditions in advance and access to natural light. Any fluorescent lamp will distort the colorist's work.

Brown

Often used when writing canvases, it is obtained quite simply:

• Herbal + scarlet;
• Scarlet + blue + bright yellow;
• Scarlet + a drop of white + black + one drop of yellow.

• Mustard is easy to create by mixing yellow + red + green + black.
• Tobacco is scarlet, green, yellow, white.
• Autumn bright brown - a combination of bright yellow, scarlet, green, white, blue.

Violet

An interesting purple can be obtained by mixing blue + red, or blue + pink.

The formation of many tones of purple: light purple can be quickly diluted with an existing dark color scheme with white, carefully adding them one drop at a time.

For a crimson tint in purple, you need to include more drops of scarlet color.

Red

Juicy, fiery. Without it, it is difficult to imagine the modern world.

You can't get real red. But with it, you can create many shades.

• Chestnut is red + black.
• Bright fiery orange color - red + a little yellow.
• Purple dye - blue + yellow + red pigment.
• The color of ripe raspberries is red + white + brown + blue.

Beige

Delicate and so concise color scheme can play in many shades. You can often find beige in design, calm interiors and a colorist's workshop.

Brown + white - we will create beige. And adding the main colors to it drop by drop - adjust from warm to cold colors.

Green

The most pleasing color to our eyes. They like to use it when creating interior plans, and when making canvases, it is simply necessary.

How to get green? The most logical thing is to add blue to yellow. If you add more bright blue - the color will be more saturated, and if white - mint. The needles are the result of mixing bright grassy, ​​black and yellow.

Grey

Gray is indispensable in modern design. Valuable because it goes with everything. And how many shades a colorist can form from this color cannot be counted.

You can get gray by adding white to black. You can also always add one of the colors of the rainbow for the experiment to give bright overflows and change the tone.

Black

The deepest, and also necessary in the palette. With it, the artist will quickly draw a shadow or adjust any color scheme to the desired tone.

Deep black is mixed from blue and dark coffee. Also combine blue, red, yellow in equal proportions. Exquisite varieties of black:

• aspid (with a particle of gray color);
• anthracite (with a metallic sheen);
• bull's blood (beautiful overflows of scarlet).

Blue

Often used by colorists. Not a single artist can do without it when depicting a heavenly canvas, lakes, ice and other frequent elements.

Beautiful blue, as the main one among many colors, cannot be formed by another mixing. Mix purple with soft blue - the paint will be too dark. You can lighten it by adding a few drops of light pigment.

Yellow

Real yellow also cannot be obtained by mixing other available colors. By carefully adding light green to orange, you can only achieve similar.

Pink

For the basis for pink, bright snow-white paint is used. Scarlet is introduced drop by drop. The more intense the shade is needed, the more scarlet should be introduced, so the necessary tonality is controlled.

Orange

How to make orange color? Let's combine juicy yellow and scarlet paint in one ratio, then adjust:

• For light orange, they take bright pink + yellow, and if necessary, you can also include a few drops of white;
• For coral, dirty orange, pink, white are combined in a similar ratio;
• For a delicate peach, you need such as orange, yellow, pink, perhaps a drop of white;
• For copper, use bright orange + a drop of coffee. The brightness of the color can be given with white, gradually adding one drop at a time.

What colors are already in your palette? And which ones are you going to mix for yourself?

There are no limits in a person's imagination to try, experiment, invent their own interesting colors. You can combine one with the other to create something new.

If you find that a particular color is missing from your palette, you will no longer doubt, but create it for yourself from what is at hand. The colorist already has all the necessary tools, you just need to know how to do it.

It is difficult for children to understand the process of mixing and obtaining new colors, and these tools will help your child quickly find their bearings and engage in their favorite drawing for a long time with interest.