The computer turns on, but the operating system does not start: possible causes and solutions. What to do if the system does not start

It is not always possible to immediately determine the cause of a particular problem in the computer. This also applies to situations when Windows 7 does not load. Even if such a problem has arisen, then do not despair. First, review the code or description of the error, and then try one of the suggested fixes.

Possible problems

In fact, there are a lot of errors that prevent the system from booting. All of them can be divided into two groups. The first includes those in which it is possible to start safe mode or the option to restore the previous configuration. And the second group includes problems in which the PC does not go beyond the boot screen.

There are also different ways to fix them. In the first case, it is enough to log in as a backup or primary user in safe mode, immediately delete an extra item or perform a restore. In the second, you will need a clean, BIOS setup or rollback using a Live CD. Let's deal with the problems that occur most often.

Option 1: Backup login possible

To begin with, it is worth checking whether a backup login is possible when Windows 7 does not start. To do this, when you turn on the computer, you need to enter the boot mode selection menu. It will open automatically if you restart your PC several times.

Management is made by arrows on the keyboard. Select and then press Enter. If the action helped, then in the future there will be no failure, the computer will continue to work stably. Otherwise, enable the option "Safe mode", then run the rollback procedure according to the first method from our article: .

In short, open the menu "Start", click on the search bar, enter "recovery" and start the second element from the top.
Then follow the instructions on the screen. At the end, restart your PC.

Note: in the boot option selection menu, the mouse should not work. But there may be problems with the functioning of the keyboard. The fact is that the drivers forUSB devices are loaded during subsequent startup steps. In this case, the solution is to connect the keyboard withPS/2 connector. You can also use a special adapter, they are very cheap.

Option 2: Disk boot failure

Why won't Windows 7 start with a Disk boot failure error? The essence of this failure is that the computer does not see the boot files on the specified media. This may be due to a violation of the boot priority (device loading order), as well as damage to important data.

In any case, first you need to go into the BIOS. To do this, repeatedly press the Delete or F2 key when starting the computer. If this does not help, then look at the text on the title image when you turn on the PC. There need a point EnterSETUP. A specific key is indicated next to it, press it.

BIOS versions may vary depending on motherboard model as well as firmware. To get started, find the item BOOT. It is located either on the main screen or in the section AdvancedSettings. AT Bootpriority HDD or SSD should be in the first place.
If this is not the case, then change the boot order to the desired one. The location of the rest of the elements does not matter.

What to do in the case when everything is set correctly, but the error still occurs. Unfortunately, in this situation, the problem is related to system data corruption. First, try restoring Windows 7. It doesn't help - go to the last paragraph of the article.

Option 3: BOOTMGR is missing error

Option 4: Other problems

If none of the listed options is suitable for solving your problem, then the system cannot be restored. In this case, a complete reinstallation is required. But, most often, important data is stored on users' computers that we would not want to lose. Therefore, it is advisable to reserve them.

Such services are always provided by computer masters, but there is not always time or opportunity to visit them. You can do all the steps yourself, but you will need a second computer or laptop that is in working order.

The essence of the method is to boot via Live CD. In this case, the PC does not start with hard drive, on which the system is damaged, and from removable media with the Windows 7 emergency image installed.

You cannot download a Live CD from the official Microsoft website, so look for it on third-party resources. The recording process is no different. It is best to use UltraISO.
When you log in as a live image, transfer all data to any removable media, and then reinstall Windows 7.

Unfortunately, often our actions are detrimental to our computer: improper power off, untimely scan for viruses, system failures, and much more, which sooner or later leads to one result - the system stops starting. Undoubtedly, an unpleasant situation, but it can and should be dealt with, especially if your computer contains too valuable files - and even on drive C. I will tell you right away that there is no need to rush to reinstall Windu, because there are many other ways to rehabilitate our friend, which we will talk about in this article. Here you will learn how you can restore your system to working capacity without any additional tools and paid programs, using only the basic functionality of Windows 7 or 8. Lastly, and most importantly, don't be afraid. After reading this article, you will always know what to do if Windows does not start. As Gagarin said: “Let's go! ..”

We will solve the problem in order of increasing complexity: a black screen opens in front of you. First, try using the Last Known Good Configuration option. In this mode, the system saves the last successful (and most importantly, working) session, using which the system can revive again.

Picture 1

If this does not help, select the item "". This item is sewn on HDD that comes from the manufacturer. Those who have had to reinstall the system, having reached disk management (partitioning and formatting), could see a reserved area of ​​\u200b\u200babout 100 MB. This area is reserved for backup storage of your system files. In no case should they be deleted (format the partition). Otherwise it's hello to that bootloader " Troubleshooting your computer» recovery will not start. And in some cases, the system itself.

Figure 2

Figure 3

Computer startup repair

A menu opens in front of us, in which system recovery tools are available. Here we select "". In this menu item, the debugger automatically fixes problems and errors that prevent the system from starting.

Figure 4

In the event that the paragraph " Troubleshooting your computer"You didn't have it, you need to use the installation disk with the Windows 7 system. Boot from under Bios and select "".

If you do not have a boot disk, you can burn it on any other working OS. It's a matter of two minutes.

Figure 5

After you have done this, the window shown in the Figure below will be available to you. I'll add it again so as not to break the sequence of actions.

Figure 6

We select "" and we see that the computer is trying to fix system errors that prevent it from starting. The recovery time may vary from computer to computer. It depends on the technical parameters and the degree of damage to the registry.

Figure 7

Then press the button " Fix and restart". Then the system will reboot. If everything went well, the system should work again.

Figure 8

Restoring the computer system

In the event that Windows 7 did not start, let's try the item "". Here you will be prompted to select a previously created checkpoint to restore and return to the state when your computer was started.

Figure 9

The following window will open in front of you. Just click "Next"

Figure 10

You will see a list of available recovery checkpoints (there may be more than one). I recommend that you check the box Show other restore points» in order to see all sorts of things. Sometimes it happens that the operating point is hidden. Click the "Next" button

Figure 11

Figure 12

Then click "Finish" and restart your computer. The system should recover to normal operation, although in some cases not to full functionality.

Restoring a system using a backup

If the previous points did not help, then you can use the menu item "". This approach is a very powerful system recovery tool, but on the condition that the system image has been created in advance. Proper use of this tool will allow you to efficiently and quickly restore operating systems, and most importantly - completely free of charge, unlike their paid counterparts such as Acronis true image. Also, this recovery option will help you to rehabilitate the system if you nevertheless deleted the hard disk partition with factory settings.

Select the item " Restoring a system image»

Figure 13

If you do not have an image, then you need to do the following (on a working computer). We go to the address: ""

Figure 14

Then select ""

Figure 15

In the next window, you are prompted to select a local disk on which the archive with the system will be located.

Figure 16

Click " Next"And the system will automatically create and write the image (archive) to the place on the hard disk that you specified earlier. Advice: to store the image, choose the disk that has enough space and which will not be clogged with files such as music, movies, and the like. It is best to create a separate partition in the 50 GB area at the hard disk partitioning stage to store this image.

We put a check mark over the sections that we want to archive. I recommend that you choose only the system. Click the "Next" button

Figure 17

You will be prompted to backup. Click on the button " Archive"And wait for the end of the process.

Figure 18

After the archive is created, open the folder where it lies. The archive name will be as shown in Figure.

Figure 19

Let's assume that we stopped at the point shown in Figure 14, and the system image has already been created earlier. Let's try to restore the system. After selection " Restoring a system image» gives us a window.

Figure 20

Click "Next", after which the recovery of the computer will begin. Note: All data that was written to the system drive after the image was created will be lost. To save data, you can use a Live-disk or connect your hard drive to another workstation and directly transfer the necessary information.

Restoring the system by creating a "recovery drive"

To do this, again go to the address: " Start-Control Panel-Computer Backup". Choose " Create System Recovery Disc»

Figure 21

After that, in the window, select the item " Create disk"

Figure 22

And we are waiting for the end.

Figure 23

After the image is created, this disk can be used to restore the system as follows. To do this, you need to put in Bios boot from DVD drive. Suppose that our system has “fallen” tightly and does not show any signs of life.

We insert the disk with the image and wait for it to load (sometimes you need to press any key)

Figure 24

Then the download window appears.

Figure 25

The system will automatically try to find an installed copy on the computer (the one that does not start)

Figure 26

Here we choose " Restoring a computer using a previously created image»

Figure 27

Here we will use the image that is on the computer.

System restore using the command line

At first sight this method may seem complicated enough, but it is not. The main thing is not to rush and do everything according to the points. Click on the menu item

Figure 29

Open notepad with the command: notepad. In the window that appears, select: " File-open»

Figure 31

Next, we climb into the folder C:\Windows\System32\Config . This folder contains a RegBack subfolder with system scheduler files that periodically saves system registry keys.

Figure 32

Delete all files in the config folder, starting from the DEFAULT file to the SYSTEM file(remove one by one). Then we go to the RegBack folder and copy these files with the same names to the place of the previously allocated ones (to the Config folder)

Most of the opportunities that the average owner of desktop computers and laptops uses are available to humans through the use of special operating systems on the equipment. The most popular operating system is a product from Microsoft. Therefore, if Windows 7 or one of the other OS options does not boot, the user has serious problems.

There are a lot of reasons why Windows 10 (7, 8, XP) does not boot. Often in this case, an unpleasant situation is accompanied by a message about a specific error. But what to do if Windows 10 (7, 8, XP) does not boot on a laptop or a regular PC without such messages? There are several universal methods of treatment that can lead to a way out of this situation.

Selecting the type of download

This is the easiest fix if Windows 7 or another type of operating system from Microsoft does not boot. What will need to be done:

1. Start restarting your computer.
2. Press the "F8" button.
3. In the proposed list, select the launch point with the most successful configuration.

In some cases, this action is quite enough when Windows 7 (8, 10, XP) does not load.

Windows Recovery

So, Windows won't boot. Windows can be tried to return to full functioning using the recovery menu. To do this, of course, you will need to have a boot disk with the desired OS option on hand. What actions should the user perform in this case if Windows 7, 8, 10 and XP does not boot:

1. Insert the source into the drive.
2. Change the priority in BIOS. That is, the operating system should not run from the hard drive, but from the DVD-ROM.
3. After starting the process, you will need to press the "R" button.
4. Select the variant to restore.
5. Wait for results. Restart the machine one more time.
   Everything early does not boot Windows XP (7, 8, 10)? Next option.

Recovery in the OS itself

If the previous operations have been carried out, and Windows 7 does not boot anyway, you can try to restore it directly using the tools of the operating system itself. Everything is quite simple:

Naturally, at the end, you will need to restart the computer to check - Windows 10 (7.8, XP) does not load or has the problem been resolved with a positive outcome?

boot file treatment

If after updating Windows 7 does not boot, then the possible cause of the trouble lies in the corrupted Boot.ini boot file. To fix the problem, you will need to follow these steps:

1. Start the PC using the same external source.
2. In the recovery menu, go to the command line.
3. Enter the phrase "Bootcfg / add".

Wait for the process to complete and initiate another reboot to check if Windows 8 or its equivalent of another version does not boot, or did the treatment help in this predicament?

Boot record defect

Another variant of trouble with Windows. Windows not loading? The boot record may have been corrupted. In this situation, you will need to repeat almost completely the procedure described in the previous paragraph, but enter a completely different phrase into the command line. Namely: "Fixmbr \Device\HardDisk0".

Perhaps this action will be quite enough when Windows 7 does not boot, hangs on the logo.

Damage to the boot sector on the hard drive

This nuisance can lead to a situation where, for example, Windows 7 does not load further than "Welcome". Here, the treatment is also quite simple - the actions are repeated with the launch of the line for commands from the computer user, into which you should drive in “Fixboot” and then the letter that is responsible for the hard disk partition where the installed OS version is located.

Quick reinstall

Sometimes, if the computer does not boot past the Windows 7 splash screen, only a reinstallation can help. But it is not at all necessary to launch a full-fledged procedure that lasts long enough. You can speed up this process. It is a very powerful treatment tool, as it is able to cope with most of the troubles that have arisen.

What is required from a person:

1. Run again from the boot disk.
2. Press the "R" button, then the "Esc" key.
3. Choose a quick reinstallation of the operating system.

It is important to understand that this procedure can only work if identical versions of the OS are located on the disk and on the hard drives. That is, if, for example, Windows 10 does not boot after the update, but you should not try to quickly reinstall using a boot disk with Windows 7 or 8 for this purpose.

Conclusion

A special case of such a situation can be a constant automatic reboot of the OS. Naturally, this option excludes the possibility of any medical processes. To break this sequence, you will need to press the "F8" button the next time you start the system and go to the "Advanced Options" menu. After that, disable the OS reboot procedure and when failures are detected. Well, then, you can use one of the treatment options described above.

All described methods are universal. That is, they are recommended to be used only when it is not possible to accurately determine the root cause of the malfunction. Most often, the user can see a message on the monitor screen, where a specific error code is indicated. And each of them has its own method of correcting an unpleasant situation. Most of them can be easily found on this Internet resource dedicated to answers to questions related to OS damage from Microsoft.

If we talk about software failures in loading the operating system, then it is worth highlighting two main factors. The first factor is the BIOS settings, that is, the settings of the main input / output system. The second factor is errors in the bootloader of the operating system itself.

If some error occurs when loading the OS after the start of the process, then you need to open the menu for selecting operating systems. Restart your computer and press the F8 key as it starts loading information from your hard drive. A menu for selecting boot options for the operating system will open. Select the line "Return to the selection of operating systems" at the bottom of this list. A list of all operating systems installed on this hard drive will appear. Pay attention to whether the first OS in the list is the one that should be loaded. If this is not the case, then you need to change the boot order. So, select the desired OS and press the Enter key. After the system boots, open "My Computer", click on the "System Properties" button and select "Advanced system settings" on the left side of the window. Next, in the "Advanced" tab, find the "Startup and Recovery" section and click the "Options" button. Select your operating system in the "Load operating system" section and click the "OK" button. Restart your computer and check if the OS boots correctly.

If, when the computer boots up, the OS list does not contain the operating system you need, then you need to check which hard drive is booting up. Of course, this option is only possible if you have several hard drives. In order to check which of the hard drives is booting, restart your computer by pressing the F2 key from the very beginning. Open BIOS. Navigate to the Boot section using the keyboard arrow keys. This section specifies how to boot devices. Determine at what stage the hard drive boots, select it and press the Enter key. Select the hard drive where the OS is located. Press the F10 key to save the parameter changes and reboot.

Technical problems

If none of the above methods helped you, then the reason lies either in the complete inoperability of the OS, or in the malfunction of any computer device. In the first case, you need to reinstall the OS. Technical problems, on the other hand, are usually related to hard drive problems. Check the power contacts of the hard drive in the system unit of your computer and replace the power plug with another free plug. This procedure will make the hard disk work stable.

operating room Windows system 7 is the most popular and successful operating system from Microsoft, installed on 50 percent of all personal computers worldwide. After the failed Vista, users happily switched to the new OS, and even after the release of the "eight" and "tens" they are in no hurry to upgrade. A computer running Win 7 is a fast and productive device that copes with the daily tasks that the user assigns to it. However, often PC owners claim that there is a problem with starting the device.

Depending on the content of this message (or in the absence of such a message at all), you should build a strategy for diagnosing the device and carry out the recovery procedure.

Error with the text "Disk boot failure"

The list of next steps depends on what the actual cause of the error is, so it's worth checking:

1. Device order in BIOS. It is recommended to set the HDD as "First device", so that the PC will look for boot files on the primary hard disk and then use other hardware.
2. Check if the HDD is displayed in the device list on the first screen of the PC. If not, then this is a reason to disassemble the device and check the correct connection of the hard drive to the Mother Board, or check the operation of the equipment on another PC.
3. Check if the battery has run out motherboard. This battery is responsible for storing the BIOS settings when the computer is turned off: every time the power is lost, the settings are reset to the factory settings, and the computer again looks for boot entries in the wrong place, as a result of which Windows does not start.

Error "BOOTMGR is missing"

The essence of this error is that the program that is responsible for loading the OS is missing or damaged on the system disk.

Tip: As in the case of the "Disk boot failure" problem, it is recommended to first disconnect all unnecessary storage media from the PC and check the device reading order. Only if this does not help, you should proceed to further manipulations.

Microsoft has developed a startup repair tool specifically to solve boot firmware problems. To use it, you need:

• Start computer.
• A second before the OS boot screen with the Windows logo should appear, press the F8 key.
• From the list of boot options, click on the line "Troubleshoot your computer", after which the Windows 7 Startup Repair Wizard will start working.
• Select "System Restore" in the window that appears.

First, the system will prompt the user to specify the OS that needs to be diagnosed, and then ask the tool that needs to fix the problems that have arisen.

In most cases, the described manipulations should solve the problems with starting Windows 7.

In a situation where system restore does not work on Windows 7, it is recommended to insert the installation disk into the drive, since it also has an OS recovery tool.

Error "NTLDR is missing"

But the appearance of this problem most often indicates either a hardware malfunction of the HDD, or damage to the ntldr system file. The best way diagnose the problem - remove the disk and use another computer to check the operation of the equipment.

However, before disconnecting the HDD and checking its performance, it is advisable to make sure that it is not connected to the computer in this moment another hard drive, and that it is not installed first in the list of boot devices. As a rule, after changing the boot order or disabling conflicting hardware, you still manage to turn on Windows 7.

The problem with NTLDR can also appear in the scenario when a user has installed several operating systems on one HDD. In this case, the method for restoring the launch of Windows 7, described in the block with the error "BOOTMGR is missing", will help.

If, after performing the above steps, you still cannot start the computer, you should check the HDD for viruses using another device or a special disk from Dr.Web or Kaspersky. Also, from the second computer, copy the Ntdetect.com file and NTLDR itself, which is located at the root of the partition. An important condition is that the OS on both computers must be identical.

Black screen

Another known issue is a black screen after Windows boot 7. The OS goes through all the stages of inclusion, loads successfully, but at the moment when the login screen should already appear, nothing happens at all. At first it may seem that it takes a long time for the computer to boot, but the active mouse cursor gives another problem here - a blocked Explorer.exe file. This is Windows Explorer, responsible for displaying the desktop, folders, and most of the OS GUI.

The black screen after starting Windows 7 is treated by manually opening Explorer. To do this, you need to simultaneously press "CTRL" + "ALT" + "DEL" on the keyboard, check that there is no Explorer.exe in the list of processes, and then through the "File" -> "Run a new task" function, try to start it yourself by typing in the process name text box.

If this solution does not help, you should start Windows in safe mode and check the operation of the explorer there.

After loading the OS, the user will see a command line in which you need to enter "explorer.exe". In the event that in safe mode the contents of the desktop are displayed, and folders are opened, then the root of the problem lies in one of the programs installed on the computer. In some cases, Windows 7 does not boot normally due to antivirus software, and in other cases due to incorrectly installed updates. You should remember what actions were performed with the device in recent times and cancel them by uninstalling new software or Windows Rollback to a restore point.

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Now you know what to do if Windows 7 won't boot.